ArticleMolecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy2009
Optimization of skin electroporation in mice to increase tolerability of DNA vaccine delivery to patients.
Article in Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and tolerability of the Easy Vax™ clinical epidermal electroporation system in healthy adults.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2012Trial
- An engineered intradermal microneedle-array device enhances the cellular immune responses in a guinea pig model.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Analysis of physical and biological delivery systems for DNA cancer vaccines and their translation to clinical development.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2024Review
- Intratumoral electroporation of a self-amplifying RNA expressing IL-12 induces antitumor effects in mouse models of cancer.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2022Article
- Invasive and non-invasive electrodes for successful drug and gene delivery in electroporation-based treatments.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Review
- Article
- Optimization of Lipid Nanoparticles for Intramuscular Administration of mRNA Vaccines.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2019Article
- Intradermal active full-length DNA Aβ42 immunization via electroporation leads to high anti-Aβ antibody levels in wild-type mice.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2018Article
- Codon optimization and improved delivery/immunization regimen enhance the immune response against wild-type and drug-resistant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, preserving its Th2-polarity.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Article
- DNA immunization site determines the level of gene expression and the magnitude, but not the type of the induced immune response.PloS one · 2018Article
- Immunodominance of Adenovirus-Derived CD8Journal of virology · 2017Article
- Interference of retroviral envelope with vaccine-induced CD8Retrovirology · 2017Article
- Fusion to Flaviviral Leader Peptide Targets HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase for Secretion and Reduces Its Enzymatic Activity and Ability to Induce Oxidative Stress but Has No Major Effects on Its Immunogenic Performance in DNA-Immunized Mice.Journal of immunology research · 2017Article
- Antigen Targeting to Human HLA Class II Molecules Increases Efficacy of DNA Vaccination.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2016Article
- Electrotransfer parameters as a tool for controlled and targeted gene expression in skin.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2016Article
- Skin Transfection Patterns and Expression Kinetics of Electroporation-Enhanced Plasmid Delivery Using the CELLECTRA-3P, a Portable Next-Generation Dermal Electroporation Device.Human gene therapy methods · 2015Article
- A pliable electroporation patch (ep-Patch) for efficient delivery of nucleic acid molecules into animal tissues with irregular surface shapes.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- DNA vaccination by intradermal electroporation induces long-lasting immune responses in rhesus macaques.Journal of medical primatology · 2014Article
- A 6K-deletion variant of salmonid alphavirus is non-viable but can be rescued through RNA recombination.PloS one · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Electroporation has, during the last years, proven to be a very successful delivery method for DNA vaccines and has now reached clinical evaluation. Although intramuscular electroporation is practical in animal models, intradermal electroporation might be more suitable for clinical administration. Skin is the most accessible organ of the body and has professional antigen-presenting cells in large amounts; thus, skin is an ideal target for DNA vaccine delivery. Moreover, intradermal electroporation has clear clinical benefits such as improved safety and tolerability. This article describes improvements for effective and tolerable DNA delivery to skin. The time of pulse delivery has been shortened by 90% and even pulse programs of 240-ms total duration generate robust immune responses. We show that a single vaccination using an optimized gene delivery generates (i) high and consistent protein expression in vivo, (ii) cytotoxic antigen-specific T cells expressing both IFNgamma and CD107a (lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1). Furthermore, application of a topical anesthetic cream prior to vaccination does not affect the number or function of the antigen-specific T cells induced. This suggests that local anesthesia can be used to further decrease the sensation of pulse delivery in patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.