ReviewEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2009
Drug prescriptions to outpatient children: a review of the literature.
Review in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The epidemiology of drug-related hospital admissions in paediatrics - a systematic review.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2024Pooled it
- Antibiotic use in ambulatory care for acutely ill children in high-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Archives of disease in childhood · 2022Pooled it
- Pediatric Outpatient Prescriptions in Countries With Advanced Economies in the 21st Century: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2022Pooled it
- Prescription prevalence of psychotropic drugs in children and adolescents: an analysis of international data.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2019Pooled it
- Inter-country variations in anti-asthmatic drug prescriptions for children. Systematic review of studies published during the 2000-2009 period.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2010Pooled it
- Antibiotic Prescribing Patterns of Family Medicine Pediatric Visits: A Pharmacoepidemiological Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Psychotropic medications: a descriptive study of prescription trends in Tabriz, Iran, 2021-2022.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the WHO standards to assess quality of care for children with acute respiratory infections: findings of a baseline multicentre assessment (CHOICE) in Italy.BMJ paediatrics open · 2024Observational
- Comparative Analysis of Outpatient Antibiotic Prescribing in Early Life: A Population-Based Study Across Birth Cohorts in Denmark and Germany.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2024Article
- Off-Label and Unlicenced Medicine Use among Hospitalised Children in South Africa: Practice and Policy Implications.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Antibiotic prescription among children with common cold at a district hospital in Uganda.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2023Article
- Treatment Harms in Paediatric Primary Care.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Advancing Precision Medicine in Paediatrics: Past, present and future.Cambridge prisms. Precision medicine · 2023Review
- Using Belgian pharmacy dispensing data to assess antibiotic use for children in ambulatory care.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
- Trends in Antibiotic Use in Danish, Finnish, Norwegian and Swedish Children.Clinical epidemiology · 2022Article
- Appropriateness of Antibiotic Prescribing in Hospitalized Children: A Focus on the Real-World Scenario of the Different Paediatric Subspecialties.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Chronic Medication Use and Factors Associated With Polypharmacy Among Outpatient Pediatric Patients.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2022Article
- Trend in antibiotic prescription to children aged 0-6 years old in the capital region of Denmark between 2009 and 2018: Differences between municipalities and association with socioeconomic composition.The European journal of general practice · 2021Article
- Latvian Primary Care Management of Children with Acute Infections: Antibiotic-Prescribing Habits and Diagnostic Process Prior to Treatment.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Article
- Paediatric outpatient prescriptions in France between 2010 and 2019: A nationwide population-based study: Paediatric outpatient prescriptions in France, 2010 to 2019.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate the drug prescription pattern in outpatient children.
methodsA systematic literature search was performed in MEDLINE and EMBASE to identify studies published between 1994 and 2008 evaluating drug prescriptions to outpatient children.
resultsA total of 128 drug utilisation studies were identified, 107 of which were focused on a specific drug class, in particular psychotropic drugs (49 studies) and antibiotics (32 studies). The 21 studies that evaluated all drug prescriptions involved 21 countries, mainly from Europe (13 studies). Large differences were found between studies concerning data source, sample size and age range. A prevalence ranging from 51% in Denmark to 70% in Greenland and a prescription rate (number of drugs per children) ranging from 0.8 in Norway to 3.2 in the United States were reported in the 11 studies that monitored the overall paediatric population. The prevalence rate was higher in preschoolers, with a peak between 72 and 90%, and decreased in children >6 years. Antibiotics were the most prescribed drugs (20-33% of the prescriptions) followed by antiasthmatics (10-25%). According to the results of four studies comparable in terms of data source and children's age, the overall prevalence estimate was 60%.
conclusionA large heterogeneity was found between studies, making a comparative evaluation often difficult or incomplete. The epidemiological evaluation of drug use in children should therefore be improved, in particular in terms of methodological quality of studies, and prospective multinational collaborative studies aimed at collecting valid and comparable data should be performed to improve the rational use of drugs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.