ReviewPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2009
Components of plastic: experimental studies in animals and relevance for human health.
Review in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 128 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
128 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 618 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic literature review and meta-analysis on the reproductive effects of micro- pollutants in humans and animals.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025Pooled it
- Can Mammalian Reproductive Health Withstand Massive Exposure to Polystyrene Micro- and Nanoplastic Derivatives? A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of perinatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals on the reproductive system of F3 generation male rodents: a meta-analysis.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Pooled it
- The Association of Bisphenol A and Phthalates with Risk of Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Maternal exposure to di-2-ethylhexylphthalate and adverse delivery outcomes: A systematic review.Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) · 2016Pooled it
- Bisphenol-A and human oocyte maturation in vitro.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2013Trial
- Early-life phthalate mixture exposure and reproductive hormone levels during minipuberty.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Negative Impact of Dental Wastewater on the Environment and Human Health: A Scoping Review.Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation · 2025Article
- Micro- and Nanoplastics as Emerging Threats to Both Terrestrial and Aquatic Animals: A Comprehensive Review.Veterinary sciences · 2025Review
- Short- and medium-term effects of biodegradable microplastics (PLA and PHB) on earthworm development and reproduction.Ecotoxicology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Microplastics as benzo-a-pyrene carriers: genotoxicity assessment simulating human gastric digestion.Archives of toxicology · 2025Article
- Cheminformatics Approaches to the Analysis of Additives for Sustainable Polymeric Materials.Polymers · 2025Article
- Evaluating Toxic Interactions of Polystyrene Microplastics with Hazardous and Noxious Substances Using the Early Life Stages of the Marine BivalveNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Phthalates and epigenetics: An emerging public health concern.Current research in toxicology · 2025Review
- Constructed wetlands combined with microbial fuel cells (CW-MFCs) as a sustainable technology for leachate treatment and power generation.RSC advances · 2024Review
- Could environmental exposure and climate change Be a key factor in the rising incidence of early onset colorectal cancer?Heliyon · 2024Review
- Detrimental consequences of micropolymers associated plasticizers on endocrinal disruption.Materials today. Bio · 2024Review
- Understanding How Chemical Pollutants Arise and Evolve in the Brewing Supply Chain: A Scoping Review.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Research progress on the origin, fate, impacts and harm of microplastics and antibiotic resistance genes in wastewater treatment plants.Scientific reports · 2024Review
- An Exploratory Investigation of Organic Chemicals Detected in Baby Teeth: Differences in Children with and without Autism.Journal of xenobiotics · 2024Article
68 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Components used in plastics, such as phthalates, bisphenol A (BPA), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), are detected in humans. In addition to their utility in plastics, an inadvertent characteristic of these chemicals is the ability to alter the endocrine system. Phthalates function as anti-androgens while the main action attributed to BPA is oestrogen-like activity. PBDE and TBBPA have been shown to disrupt thyroid hormone homeostasis while PBDEs also exhibit anti-androgen action. Experimental investigations in animals indicate a wide variety of effects associated with exposure to these compounds, causing concern regarding potential risk to human health. For example, the spectrum of effects following perinatal exposure of male rats to phthalates has remarkable similarities to the testicular dysgenesis syndrome in humans. Concentrations of BPA in the foetal mouse within the range of unconjugated BPA levels observed in human foetal blood have produced effects in animal experiments. Finally, thyroid hormones are essential for normal neurological development and reproductive function. Human body burdens of these chemicals are detected with high prevalence, and concentrations in young children, a group particularly sensitive to exogenous insults, are typically higher, indicating the need to decrease exposure to these compounds.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.