ArticleHuman immunology2009
Genome-wide screening of human T-cell epitopes in influenza A virus reveals a broad spectrum of CD4(+) T-cell responses to internal proteins, hemagglutinins, and neuraminidases.
Article in Human immunology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Population Immunity to Influenza Neuraminidase: From Immune Imprinting to Pandemic Preparedness.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Post-COVID impairment of T cell responses to community-acquired pathogens can be modified by activating cellular metabolism.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- T-cell-mediated immunity to influenza A (H2N3): implications for caccine efficacy and cross-subtype protection.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- T-cell-mediated immunity to influenza A (H2N3): implications for caccine efficacy and cross-subtype protection.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Post-COVID impairment of memory T cell responses to community-acquired pathogens can be rectified by activating cellular metabolism.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- CD4Clinical & translational immunology · 2026Article
- T cell immunity to seasonal Influenza A and H5N1 viruses in laboratory workers receiving annual seasonal Influenza vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Nanoparticle display of neuraminidase elicits enhanced antibody responses and protection against influenza A virus challenge.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Article
- Immunity to Influenza Infection in Humans.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2021Review
- T Cell Immunity against Influenza: The Long Way from Animal Models Towards a Real-Life Universal Flu Vaccine.Viruses · 2021Review
- Identification of a universal antigen epitope of influenza A virus using peptide microarray.BMC veterinary research · 2021Article
- Article
- Substantial Antigenic Drift in the Hemagglutinin Protein of Swine Influenza A Viruses.Viruses · 2020Article
- Recombinant HA-based vaccine outperforms split and subunit vaccines in elicitation of influenza-specific CD4 T cells and CD4 T cell-dependent antibody responses in humans.NPJ vaccines · 2020Article
- Heterologous viral protein interactions within licensed seasonal influenza virus vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2020Article
- Article
- Primary EBV Infection Induces an Acute Wave of Activated Antigen-Specific Cytotoxic CD4Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Article
- The Way Forward: Potentiating Protective Immunity to Novel and Pandemic Influenza Through Engagement of Memory CD4 T Cells.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Imprinting and Editing of the Human CD4 T Cell Response to Influenza Virus.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We performed a genome-wide screening for T-cell epitopes using synthetic peptides that encompass all of the influenza A viral proteins, including subtype variants for hemagglutinin (HA; H1, H3, and H5) and neuraminidase (NA; human and avian N1 and N2) proteins, based on the sequence information of recently circulating strains. We identified a total of 83 peptides, 54 of them novel, to which specific T cells were detectable in interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assays using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from four healthy adult donors. The surface glycoproteins, HA and NA, major components of vaccines, expressed many T-cell epitopes. HA and matrix protein 1 expressed more T-cell epitopes than other viral proteins, most of which were recognized by CD4(+) T cells. We established several cytotoxic CD4(+) T-cell lines from these donors. We also analyzed H1 and H3 HA-specific T-cell responses using the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 30 hospital workers. Fifty-three percent of donors gave a positive response to H3 HA peptides, whereas 17% gave a positive response to H1 HA peptides. Our genome-wide screening is useful in identifying T-cell epitopes and is complementary to the approach based on the predicted binding peptides to well-studied HLA-A, -B, and -DR alleles.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.