ArticleBMC immunology2009
The expression of the beta-defensins hBD-2 and hBD-3 is differentially regulated by NF-kappaB and MAPK/AP-1 pathways in an in vitro model of Candida esophagitis.
Article in BMC immunology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin D-AMP axis in host defense against fungal infections.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- The Role of Beta-Defensin 2 in Preventing Preterm Birth with Chorioamnionitis: Insights into Inflammatory Responses and Epithelial Barrier Protection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Human beta defensin-2 protects the epithelial barrier during methicillin-resistantFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Identification of human host factors required for beta-defensin-2 expression in intestinal epithelial cells upon a bacterial challenge.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- MSF Enhances Human Antimicrobial PeptideMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Induction of Endogenous Antimicrobial Peptides to Prevent or Treat Oral Infection and Inflammation.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Review
- Antimicrobial Peptides Human Beta-Defensin-2 and -3 Protect the Gut DuringFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Article
- TLR-9 Plays a Role inFrontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Fat Encapsulation Reduces Diarrhea in Piglets Partially by Repairing the Intestinal Barrier and Improving Fatty Acid Transport.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Article
- A case of cutaneous candidiasis of upper eyelid in association with facial paralysis.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2020Article
- Tryptophan promoted β-defensin-2 expressionRSC advances · 2020Article
- Article
- A Novel View of HumanBiomolecules · 2019Review
- Interactions Between the Gut Microbiota and the Host Innate Immune Response Against Pathogens.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- The immunomodulatory effect of green tea (Veterinary world · 2018Article
- Expression of recombinant HBD3 protein that reduces Mycobacterial infection capacity.AMB Express · 2018Article
- Calpain-14 and its association with eosinophilic esophagitis.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2017Review
- Perspectives for clinical use of engineered human host defense antimicrobial peptides.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCandida albicans resides on epithelial surfaces as part of the physiological microflora. However, under certain conditions it may cause life-threatening infections like Candida sepsis. Human beta-defensins (hBDs) are critical components of host defense at mucosal surfaces and we have recently shown that hBD-2 and hBD-3 are upregulated in Candida esophagitis. We therefore studied the role of Candidate signalling pathways in order to understand the mechanisms involved in regulation of hBD-expression by C. albicans. We used the esophageal cell line OE21 and analysed the role of paracrine signals from polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in an in vitro model of esophageal candidiasis.
resultsSupernatants of C. albicans or indirect coculture with C. albicans induces upregulation of hBD-2 and hBD-3 expression. PMNs strongly amplifies C. albicans-mediated induction of hBDs. By EMSA we demonstrate that C. albicans activates NF-kappaB and AP-1 in OE21 cells. Inhibition of these pathways revealed that hBD-2 expression is synergistically regulated by both NF-kappaB and AP-1. In contrast hBD-3 expression is independent of NF-kappaB and relies solely on an EGFR/MAPK/AP-1-dependent pathway.
conclusionOur analysis of signal transduction events demonstrate a functional interaction of epithelial cells with PMNs in response to Candida infection involving divergent signalling events that differentially govern hBD-2 and hBD-3 expression.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.