SynthesisBMC public health2009
Effective elements of school health promotion across behavioral domains: a systematic review of reviews.
Synthesis in BMC public health, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effectiveness of digital interventions to reduce school-age adolescent sexual risks: A systematic review.Journal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing · 2025Pooled it
- Components Related to Long-Term Effects in the Intra- and Interpersonal Domains: A Meta-Analysis of Universal School-Based Interventions.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness of peer-led programs for overweight and obesity in children: systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2022Pooled it
- Components of School-Based Interventions Stimulating Students' Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Domains: A Meta-analysis.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2020Pooled it
- Empirically Based Mean Effect Size Distributions for Universal Prevention Programs Targeting School-Aged Youth: A Review of Meta-Analyses.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2018Pooled it
- Obesity prevention and the Health promoting Schools framework: essential components and barriers to success.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2015Pooled it
- Identifying effective methods for teaching sex education to individuals with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review.Journal of sex research · 2015Pooled it
- A systematic review of effective interventions for reducing multiple health risk behaviors in adolescence.American journal of public health · 2014Pooled it
- Does parental involvement make a difference in school-based nutrition and physical activity interventions? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.International journal of public health · 2012Pooled it
- Genetic diversity trends in twentieth century crop cultivars: a meta analysis.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2010Pooled it
- Long-term effects of a cluster randomized controlled kindergarten-based intervention trial on vegetable intake among Norwegian 3-5-year-olds: the BRA-study.BMC research notes · 2020Trial
- Effects of a cluster randomized controlled kindergarten-based intervention trial on vegetable consumption among Norwegian 3-5-year-olds: the BRA-study.BMC public health · 2019Trial
- Effect Evaluation of a Web-Based Coaching Intervention to Support Implementation of Sex Education Among Secondary School Teachers: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2018Trial
- Randomised controlled feasibility study of a school-based multi-level intervention to increase physical activity and decrease sedentary behaviour among vocational school students.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2017Trial
- Trial
- The influence of two different invitation letters on Chlamydia testing participation: randomized controlled trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2014Trial
- Trial
- Dietary diversity and its associated factors among school children in conflict affected communities of southern Ethiopia.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Applying the Behaviour Change Wheel to UK Local Authority Policy Documents: A Content Analysis in the Context of Financial Behaviour.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Scoping Review of Family and Community Engagement Strategies Used in School-Based Interventions to Promote Healthy Behaviors.The Journal of school health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMost school health education programs focus on a single behavioral domain. Integrative programs that address multiple behaviors may be more efficient, but only if the elements of change are similar for these behaviors. The objective of this study was to examine which effective elements of school health education are similar across three particular behavioral domains.
methodsA systematic review of reviews of the effectiveness of school-based health promotion programs was conducted for the domains of substance abuse, sexual behavior, and nutrition. The literature search spanned the time period between 1995 and October 2006 and included three databases, websites of review centers and backward search. Fifty-five reviews and meta-analyses met predetermined relevance and publication criteria and were included. Data was extracted by one reviewer and checked by a second reviewer. A standardized data extraction form was used, with detailed attention to effective elements pertaining to program goals, development, content, methods, facilitator, components and intensity. Two assessors rated the quality of reviews as strong, moderate or weak. We included only strong and moderate reviews in two types of analysis: one based on interpretation of conflicting results, the other on a specific vote-counting rule.
resultsThirty six reviews were rated strong, 6 moderate, and 13 weak. A multitude of effective elements was identified in the included reviews and many elements were similar for two or more domains. In both types of analysis, five elements with evidence from strong reviews were found to be similar for all three domains: use of theory; addressing social influences, especially social norms; addressing cognitive-behavioral skills; training of facilitators; and multiple components. Two additional elements had positive results in all domains with the rule-based method of analysis, but had inconclusive results in at least one domain with the interpretation-based method of analysis: parent involvement and a larger number of sessions.
conclusionFive effective elements of school health promotion were found to be similar across the three behavioral domains examined (substance abuse, sexual behavior, nutrition). An integrative program that addresses the three domains seems feasible. The five elements are primary candidates to include in programs targeting these behaviors.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.