ArticleAmerican journal of human genetics2009
Correcting for purifying selection: an improved human mitochondrial molecular clock.
Article in American journal of human genetics, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 344 papers.
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344 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evolutionary history of disease-susceptibility loci identified in longitudinal exome-wide association studies.Molecular genetics & genomic medicine · 2019Trial
- MtDNA genomes reveal a relaxation of selective constraints in low-BMI individuals in a Uyghur population.Human genetics · 2017Trial
- West Eurasian mtDNA lineages in India: an insight into the spread of the Dravidian language and the origins of the caste system.Human genetics · 2015Trial
- Review
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- Revisiting the African mtDNA landscape through complete mitochondrial genomes.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Uncovering a Medieval Pogrom: Genetic History of a Jewish Community in Catalonia (Spain).Genes · 2026Article
- Genetic insights into the origin, admixture, and migration of the early Austronesian peoples.Journal of human genetics · 2026Review
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- Continuity and discontinuity in Native American populations: Insights from ancient and modern mitochondrial DNA.Genetics and molecular biology · 2026Article
- Sri Lankan maternal ancestry reveals early migrations from Africa along the Indian Ocean.PloS one · 2026Article
- Tracing the Uncharted African Diaspora in Southern Brazil: The Genetic Legacies of Resistance in TwoGenes · 2025Article
- Genomic evidence supports the "long chronology" for the peopling of Sahul.Science advances · 2025Article
- Fifteen millennia of human mitogenome evolution in Sicily.Science advances · 2025Article
- Leveraging known Pacific colonisation times to test models for the ancestry of Southeast Asians.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Analysis of Selective Pressure on Ancient Human Mitochondrial Genomes Reveals the Presence of Widespread Sequencing Artefacts.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Human population history on the North Coast of peru from Y chromosomes and mitogenomes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The origin of modern North Africans as depicted by a massive survey of mitogenomes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Mitochondrial haplogroup A2 is associated with increased COVID-19 mortality in an admixed Brazilian population.Scientific reports · 2025Article
284 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is currently no calibration available for the whole human mtDNA genome, incorporating both coding and control regions. Furthermore, as several authors have pointed out recently, linear molecular clocks that incorporate selectable characters are in any case problematic. We here confirm a modest effect of purifying selection on the mtDNA coding region and propose an improved molecular clock for dating human mtDNA, based on a worldwide phylogeny of > 2000 complete mtDNA genomes and calibrating against recent evidence for the divergence time of humans and chimpanzees. We focus on a time-dependent mutation rate based on the entire mtDNA genome and supported by a neutral clock based on synonymous mutations alone. We show that the corrected rate is further corroborated by archaeological dating for the settlement of the Canary Islands and Remote Oceania and also, given certain phylogeographic assumptions, by the timing of the first modern human settlement of Europe and resettlement after the Last Glacial Maximum. The corrected rate yields an age of modern human expansion in the Americas at approximately 15 kya that-unlike the uncorrected clock-matches the archaeological evidence, but continues to indicate an out-of-Africa dispersal at around 55-70 kya, 5-20 ky before any clear archaeological record, suggesting the need for archaeological research efforts focusing on this time window. We also present improved rates for the mtDNA control region, and the first comprehensive estimates of positional mutation rates for human mtDNA, which are essential for defining mutation models in phylogenetic analyses.
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