ArticleBMC medical genomics2009
A longitudinal study of gene expression in healthy individuals.
Article in BMC medical genomics, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Blood RNA Stability Atlas: defining temporal structure and trait-state programs in the human whole-blood transcriptome.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Diagnosis of acute myeloid leukaemia on microarray gene expression data using categorical gradient boosted trees.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Benchmarking tools for detecting longitudinal differential expression in proteomics data allows establishing a robust reproducibility optimization regression approach.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Adding gene transcripts into genomic prediction improves accuracy and reveals sampling time dependence.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Article
- Batch effect reduction of microarray data with dependent samples using an empirical Bayes approach (BRIDGE).Statistical applications in genetics and molecular biology · 2021Article
- Variability of multi-omics profiles in a population-based child cohort.BMC medicine · 2021Article
- Untangling the effects of cellular composition on coexpression analysis.Genome research · 2020Article
- Integration of microarray data and literature mining identifies a sex bias in DPP4+CD4+ T cells in HIV-1 infection.PloS one · 2020Article
- Multi-study reanalysis of 2,213 acute myeloid leukemia patients reveals age- and sex-dependent gene expression signatures.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Predicting Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Blood-based Gene Expression Signatures and Machine Learning.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2017Article
- The pulmonary inflammatory response to multiwalled carbon nanotubes is influenced by gender and glutathione synthesis.Redox biology · 2016Article
- RNA-Seq analysis of seasonal and individual variation in blood transcriptomes of healthy managed bottlenose dolphins.BMC genomics · 2016Article
- IL6 secreted by Ewing sarcoma tumor microenvironment confers anti-apoptotic and cell-disseminating paracrine responses in Ewing sarcoma cells.BMC cancer · 2015Article
- Improving power to detect changes in blood miRNA expression by accounting for sources of variability in experimental designs.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2014Article
- Iron deficiency modifies gene expression variation induced by augmented hypoxia sensing.Blood cells, molecules & diseases · 2014Article
- Performance in omics analyses of blood samples in long-term storage: opportunities for the exploitation of existing biobanks in environmental health research.Environmental health perspectives · 2013Article
- Validation of reference genes for the determination of platelet transcript level in healthy individuals and in patients with the history of myocardial infarction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2013Article
- A novel approach for biomarker selection and the integration of repeated measures experiments from two assays.BMC bioinformatics · 2012Article
- Blood-based gene expression signatures of infants and toddlers with autism.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2012Article
- Elevated type I interferon-like activity in a subset of multiple sclerosis patients: molecular basis and clinical relevance.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe use of gene expression in venous blood either as a pharmacodynamic marker in clinical trials of drugs or as a diagnostic test requires knowledge of the variability in expression over time in healthy volunteers. Here we defined a normal range of gene expression over 6 months in the blood of four cohorts of healthy men and women who were stratified by age (22-55 years and > 55 years) and gender.
methodsEleven immunomodulatory genes likely to play important roles in inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and infection in addition to four genes typically used as reference genes were examined by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), as well as the full genome as represented by Affymetrix HG U133 Plus 2.0 microarrays.
resultsGene expression levels as assessed by qRT-PCR and microarray were relatively stable over time with approximately 2% of genes as measured by microarray showing intra-subject differences over time periods longer than one month. Fifteen genes varied by gender. The eleven genes examined by qRT-PCR remained within a limited dynamic range for all individuals. Specifically, for the seven most stably expressed genes (CXCL1, HMOX1, IL1RN, IL1B, IL6R, PTGS2, and TNF), 95% of all samples profiled fell within 1.5-2.5 Ct, the equivalent of a 4- to 6-fold dynamic range. Two subjects who experienced severe adverse events of cancer and anemia, had microarray gene expression profiles that were distinct from normal while subjects who experienced an infection had only slightly elevated levels of inflammatory markers.
conclusionThis study defines the range and variability of gene expression in healthy men and women over a six-month period. These parameters can be used to estimate the number of subjects needed to observe significant differences from normal gene expression in clinical studies. A set of genes that varied by gender was also identified as were a set of genes with elevated expression in a subject with iron deficiency anemia and another subject being treated for lung cancer.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.