ArticleGenes, brain, and behavior2009
Heroin addiction in African Americans: a hypothesis-driven association study.
Article in Genes, brain, and behavior, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- A non-coding CRHR2 SNP rs255105, a cis-eQTL for a downstream lincRNA AC005154.6, is associated with heroin addiction.PloS one · 2018Trial
- Genomic landscape of the Great Steppe: Genetic variants in healthy Kazakh individuals.Scientific data · 2025Article
- Genetic and Epigenetic Approaches to Opioid Use Disorder.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Association Between the (GT)26 Allele in the GRIN2A Promoter and Opioid Use Disorder.Psychiatry investigation · 2025Article
- Biochemical Diagnosis in Substance and Non-substance Addiction.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Aberrant glutamatergic systems underlying impulsive behaviors: Insights from clinical and preclinical research.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2024Review
- SNP analysis of stress-related genes reveals significant correlations with drug addiction in Jordan.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2024Article
- Invited Expert Opinion- Bioinformatic and Limitation Directives to Help Adopt Genetic Addiction Risk Screening and Identify Preaddictive Reward Dysregulation: Required Analytic Evidence to Induce Dopamine Homeostatsis.Medical research archives · 2023Article
- An alcohol dehydrogenase 7 gene polymorphism associates with both acute and chronic pain in sickle cell disease.Pharmacogenomics · 2023Article
- A systems omics-based approach to decode substance use disorders and neuroadaptations.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2021Review
- Age of onset of heaviest use of cannabis or alcohol in persons with severe opioid or cocaine use disorders.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Observational
- OPRD1 SNPs associated with opioid addiction are cis-eQTLs for the phosphatase and actin regulator 4 gene, PHACTR4, a mediator of cytoskeletal dynamics.Translational psychiatry · 2021Article
- The escalation in ethanol consumption following chronic intermittent ethanol exposure is blunted in mice expressing ethanol-resistant GluN1 or GluN2A NMDA receptor subunits.Psychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Neuropharmacological and Neurogenetic Correlates of Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) As a Function of Ethnicity: Relevance to Precision Addiction Medicine.Current neuropharmacology · 2020Review
- Bi-directional Acceleration of Alcohol Use and Opioid Use Disorder.Journal of drug and alcohol research · 2019Article
- VMAT2 gene (Pharmacogenomics · 2019Article
- Molecular Imaging of Opioid and Dopamine Systems: Insights Into the Pharmacogenetics of Opioid Use Disorders.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2019Review
- Implication of Genes for the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) Receptor in Substance Addictions.Molecular neurobiology · 2018Review
- Emotion recognition associated with polymorphism in oxytocinergic pathway gene ARNT2.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2018Article
- African-specific variability in the acetylcholine muscarinic receptor M4: association with cocaine and heroin addiction.Pharmacogenomics · 2016Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Heroin addiction is a chronic complex disease with a substantial genetic contribution. This study was designed to identify gene variants associated with heroin addiction in African Americans. The emphasis was on genes involved in reward modulation, behavioral control, cognitive function, signal transduction and stress response. We have performed a case-control association analysis by screening with 1350 variants of 130 genes. The sample consisted of 202 former severe heroin addicts in methadone treatment and 167 healthy controls with no history of drug abuse. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), haplotype and multi-SNP genotype pattern analyses were performed. Seventeen SNPs showed point-wise significant association with heroin addiction (nominal P< 0.01). These SNPs are from genes encoding several receptors: adrenergic (ADRA1A), arginine vasopressin (AVPR1A), cholinergic (CHRM2), dopamine (DRD1), GABA-A (GABRB3), glutamate (GRIN2A) and serotonin (HTR3A) as well as alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH7), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD1 and GAD2), the nucleoside transporter (SLC29A1) and diazepam-binding inhibitor (DBI). The most significant result of the analyses was obtained for the GRIN2A haplotype G-A-T (rs4587976-rs1071502-rs1366076) with protective effect (P(uncorrected) = 9.6E- 05, P(corrected) = 0.058). This study corroborates several reported associations with alcohol and drug addiction as well as other related disorders and extends the list of variants that may affect the development of heroin addiction. Further studies will be necessary to replicate these associations and to elucidate the roles of these variants in drug addiction vulnerability.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.