ReviewNature reviews. Immunology2009
Membrane vesicles as conveyors of immune responses.
Review in Nature reviews. Immunology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2,091 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2,091 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 3,812 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Exosome and its Application in Skin Wound Healing: A Systematic Review onCurrent pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2025Pooled it
- Immune cell-derived membrane nanovesicles: A promethean fire for autoimmune disease therapy through immune cell mimicry.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Review
- Liquid biopsy in bladder cancer: towards precision oncology.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Role of Exosomes During Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection: A Double-Edged Sword.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- P2-engineered exosomes encapsulating curcumin alleviate cognitive decline in AD-like mice by improving microglia-related neuropathology.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Isolation, Characterization, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Extracellular Particles Isolated from Leftover Discarded Formalin-Fixed Tissues Exhibit Atypical Extracellular RNA Profiles.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Molecular Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles Isolated from Boar Reproductive Fluids.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Silencing the Signal: The Metastasis Suppressor NDRG1 Disrupts Small Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Crosstalk in Pancreatic Cancer.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Donor Pooling as an Effective Method to Increase MSC EV Production Without Compromising Therapeutic Potential.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Choosing the Right Extracellular Vesicle: Cross-Kingdom Immunological Functions Linking Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Applications.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Apoptotic bodies in bone homeostasis and skeletal disease: biology and therapeutic implications.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- Towards an Original Anti-ASFV Vaccine: Cellular Immunity Induced by Extracellular Vesicles Engineered with ASFV Proteins.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Exosome immunotherapy in inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: a novel immunotherapeutic frontier.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Review
- CSPG4Osteoarthritis and cartilage open · 2026Article
- Acoustic separation and isolation of viruses, small extracellular vesicles and other nanoscale bioparticles.Nature protocols · 2026Review
- circOMA1 delivered by exosomes regulates DRD2‑mediated prolactinoma resistance.International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Comparison of Methods for the Isolation of Salivary Extracellular Vesicles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Exosomes in Amyloid Propagation-Roles in Neurodegeneration.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
2,031 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In multicellular organisms, communication between cells mainly involves the secretion of proteins that then bind to receptors on neighbouring cells. But another mode of intercellular communication - the release of membrane vesicles - has recently become the subject of increasing interest. Membrane vesicles are complex structures composed of a lipid bilayer that contains transmembrane proteins and encloses soluble hydrophilic components derived from the cytosol of the donor cell. These vesicles have been shown to affect the physiology of neighbouring recipient cells in various ways, from inducing intracellular signalling following binding to receptors to conferring new properties after the acquisition of new receptors, enzymes or even genetic material from the vesicles. This Review focuses on the role of membrane vesicles, in particular exosomes, in the communication between immune cells, and between tumour and immune cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.