ArticleClinical and vaccine immunology : CVI2009
Selection of polymorphic peptides from GRA6 and GRA7 sequences of Toxoplasma gondii strains to be used in serotyping.
Article in Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- A combination of GRA3, GRA6 and GRA7 peptides offer a useful tool for serotyping type II and IIIFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Serotyping, a challenging approach forFrontiers in medicine · 2023Review
- Development of a new serotyping ELISA for Toxoplasma gondii type II, type III and Africa 1 lineages using in silico peptide discovery methods, well categorized feline and human outbreak serum samples.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Biosensor Based Immunoassay: A New Approach for Serotyping ofNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- Testing New Peptides FromFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2019Article
- Serotyping ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2019Article
- Genome Wide Identification of Mutational Hotspots in the Apicomplexan Parasite Neospora caninum and the Implications for Virulence.Genome biology and evolution · 2018Article
- Importance of serological cross-reactivity among Toxoplasma gondii, Hammondia spp., Neospora spp., Sarcocystis spp. and Besnoitia besnoiti.Parasitology · 2017Review
- Genetic Diversity of Toxoplasma gondii Strains from Different Hosts and Geographical Regions by Sequence Analysis of GRA20 Gene.The Korean journal of parasitology · 2015Article
- Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis and typing of Toxoplasma gondii.Parasites & vectors · 2015Review
- Strain hypothesis of Toxoplasma gondii infection on the outcome of human diseases.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2015Review
- Selective and strain-specific NFAT4 activation by the Toxoplasma gondii polymorphic dense granule protein GRA6.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2014Article
- Location of the CD8 T cell epitope within the antigenic precursor determines immunogenicity and protection against the Toxoplasma gondii parasite.PLoS pathogens · 2013Article
- Serotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in cats (Felis domesticus) reveals predominance of type II infections in Germany.PloS one · 2013Article
- Peptide microarray analysis of in silico-predicted epitopes for serological diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2012Article
- Prematurity and severity are associated with Toxoplasma gondii alleles (NCCCTS, 1981-2009).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2012Article
- Analysis of clonal type-specific antibody reactions in Toxoplasma gondii seropositive humans from Germany by peptide-microarray.PloS one · 2012Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The evaluation of Toxoplasma gondii isolates obtained from geographical environments other than Europe and North America revealed the existence of atypical strains that are not included in the three archetypal clonal lineages (lineages I, II, and III). GRA6 and GRA7 are polymorphic genes that have been used for the genotyping of Toxoplasma. The coding regions of GRA6 and GRA7 from 49 nonarchetypal strains were sequenced and compared with the sequences of type I, II, and III reference strains. Eighteen and 10 different amino acid sequences were found for GRA6 and GRA7, respectively. The polymorphisms found between the different sequences were analyzed, with the objective of defining peptides to be used for the serotyping of Toxoplasma infections. Two peptides specific for clonal lineages I and III (peptides GRA7I and GRA7III, respectively) were selected from the GRA7 locus. Three peptides specific for some atypical strains (peptides Am6, Af6, and Am7) were selected from both the GRA6 and the GRA7 loci. Serum samples from humans infected with Toxoplasma strains of known genotypes were serotyped with the selected peptides. Peptide GRA7III seems to be a good candidate for the serotyping of infections caused by type III strains. Peptide GRA7I had a very low sensitivity. Peptides Am6 and Af6 had low specificities, since they reacted with serum samples from patients infected with strains belonging to the three archetypal lineages. Although peptide Am7 was specific, it had low sensitivity.
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