ArticleJournal of virology2009
Analysis of the percentage of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 sequences that are hypermutated and markers of disease progression in a longitudinal cohort, including one individual with a partially defective Vif.
Article in Journal of virology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Strain-specific epistasis shapes fitness landscapes of APOBEC3G antagonism by HIV-1 Vif proteins.Science advances · 2026Article
- Persistent cell-associated HIV-1 RNA in virally suppressed individuals on INSTI-based ART.Journal of virus eradication · 2025Article
- APOBEC3G Antagonism by Vif, or When Structure Meets Biological and Evolutionary Studies.Annual review of virology · 2025Review
- Variability in HIV-1 transmitted/founder virus susceptibility to combined APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G host restriction.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- HIV-1 Vif global diversity and possible APOBEC-mediated response since 1980.Virus evolution · 2025Article
- Article
- Impact of misclassified defective proviruses on HIV reservoir measurements.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Differential Activity of APOBEC3F, APOBEC3G, and APOBEC3H in the Restriction of HIV-2.Journal of molecular biology · 2022Article
- Impact of Suboptimal APOBEC3G Neutralization on the Emergence of HIV Drug Resistance in Humanized Mice.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Absence ofViruses · 2018Article
- Mechanism of Enhanced HIV Restriction by Virion Coencapsidated Cytidine Deaminases APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G.Journal of virology · 2017Article
- Deep Sequencing of HIV-1 RNA and DNA in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Baseline Drug Resistance Showed No Indications for Hidden Resistance and Is Biased by Strong Interference of Hypermutation.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2016Article
- Incomplete APOBEC3G/F Neutralization by HIV-1 Vif Mutants Facilitates the Genetic Evolution from CCR5 to CXCR4 Usage.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2015Article
- Extremely High Mutation Rate of HIV-1 In Vivo.PLoS biology · 2015Article
- Natural polymorphisms in human APOBEC3H and HIV-1 Vif combine in primary T lymphocytes to affect viral G-to-A mutation levels and infectivity.PLoS genetics · 2014Article
- HIV-1 Vif inhibits G to A hypermutations catalyzed by virus-encapsidated APOBEC3G to maintain HIV-1 infectivity.Retrovirology · 2014Article
- APOBEC3D and APOBEC3F potently promote HIV-1 diversification and evolution in humanized mouse model.PLoS pathogens · 2014Article
- In vivo HIV-1 hypermutation and viral loads among antiretroviral-naive Brazilian patients.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2014Article
- Quantification of deaminase activity-dependent and -independent restriction of HIV-1 replication mediated by APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G through experimental-mathematical investigation.Journal of virology · 2014Article
- Multiple APOBEC3 restriction factors for HIV-1 and one Vif to rule them all.Journal of molecular biology · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Hypermutation, the introduction of excessive G-to-A substitutions by host proteins in the APOBEC family, can impair replication of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Because hypermutation represents a potential antiviral strategy, it is important to determine whether greater hypermutation is associated with slower disease progression in natural infection. We examined the level of HIV-1 hypermutation among 28 antiretroviral-naive Kenyan women at two times during infection. By examining single-copy gag sequences from proviral DNA, hypermutation was detected in 16 of 28 individuals. Among individuals with any hypermutation, a median of 15% of gag sequences were hypermutated (range, 5 to 43%). However, there was no association between the level of gag hypermutation and the viral load or CD4 count. Thus, we observed no overall relationship between hypermutation and markers of disease progression among individuals with low to moderate levels of hypermutation. In addition, one individual sustained a typical viral load despite having a high level of hypermutation. This individual had 43% of gag sequences hypermutated and harbored a partially defective Vif, which was found to permit hypermutation in a peripheral blood mononuclear cell culture. Overall, our results suggest that a potential antiviral therapy based on hypermutation may need to achieve a substantially higher level of hypermutation than is naturally seen in most individuals to impair virus replication and subsequent disease progression.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.