ArticlePloS one2009
Differential role of autophagy in CD4 T cells and macrophages during X4 and R5 HIV-1 infection.
Article in PloS one, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers.
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Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed, 123 citations in OpenAlex.
- Toll-like receptor 8 ligands activate a vitamin D mediated autophagic response that inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1.PLoS pathogens · 2012Trial
- The Role of Autophagy in HIV Infection and Immunological Recovery of ART-Treated PLWH.Viruses · 2025Review
- Bafilomycin A1 Inhibits HIV-1 Infection by Disrupting Lysosomal Cholesterol Transport.Viruses · 2024Article
- Review
- Harnessing Autophagy to Overcome Antigen-Specific T-Cell Dysfunction: Implication for People Living with HIV-1.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Review
- The envelope proteins from SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV potently reduce the infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1).Retrovirology · 2022Article
- Transactive Response DNA-Binding Protein (TARDBP/TDP-43) Regulates Cell Permissivity to HIV-1 Infection by Acting on HDAC6.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Modulation of the autophagic pathway inhibits HIV-1 infection in human lymphoid tissue cultured ex vivo.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Article
- Interleukin-27 promotes autophagy in human serum-induced primary macrophages via an mTOR- and LC3-independent pathway.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- High Levels of TRIM5α Are Associated with Xenophagy in HIV-1-Infected Long-Term Nonprogressors.Cells · 2021Article
- Human TRIM5α: Autophagy Connects Cell-Intrinsic HIV-1 Restriction and Innate Immune Sensor Functioning.Viruses · 2021Review
- Targeting Beclin1 as an Adjunctive Therapy against HIV Using Mannosylated Polyethylenimine Nanoparticles.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Rabies Virus-Induced Autophagy Is Dependent on Viral Load in BV2 Cells.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- The Interplay of HIV and Autophagy in Early Infection.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Sphingomyelin Is Essential for the Structure and Function of the Double-Membrane Vesicles in Hepatitis C Virus RNA Replication Factories.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Modulation of mTORC1 Signaling Pathway by HIV-1.Cells · 2020Review
- Autophagy Induced by Simian Retrovirus Infection Controls Viral Replication and Apoptosis of Jurkat T Lymphocytes.Viruses · 2020Article
- Mechanisms of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Lymphocyte Regulated Cell Death.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2020Review
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHIV-1 can infect and replicate in both CD4 T cells and macrophages. In these cell types, HIV-1 entry is mediated by the binding of envelope glycoproteins (gp120 and gp41, Env) to the receptor CD4 and a coreceptor, principally CCR5 or CXCR4, depending on the viral strain (R5 or X4, respectively). Uninfected CD4 T cells undergo X4 Env-mediated autophagy, leading to their apoptosis, a mechanism now recognized as central to immunodeficiency. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsWe demonstrate here that autophagy and cell death are also induced in the uninfected CD4 T cells by HIV-1 R5 Env, while autophagy is inhibited in productively X4 or R5-infected CD4 T cells. In contrast, uninfected macrophages, a preserved cell population during HIV-1 infection, do not undergo X4 or R5 Env-mediated autophagy. Autophagosomes, however, are present in macrophages exposed to infectious HIV-1 particles, independently of coreceptor use. Interestingly, we observed two populations of autophagic cells: one highly autophagic and the other weakly autophagic. Surprisingly, viruses could be detected in the weakly autophagic cells but not in the highly autophagic cells. In addition, we show that the triggering of autophagy in macrophages is necessary for viral replication but addition of Bafilomycin A1, which blocks the final stages of autophagy, strongly increases productive infection. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Taken together, our data suggest that autophagy plays a complex, but essential, role in HIV pathology by regulating both viral replication and the fate of the target cells.
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