ArticleCancer research2009
Loss of retinal cadherin facilitates mammary tumor progression and metastasis.
Article in Cancer research, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lifecycle Implications of Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) Micro(nano)plastics (MNPs): Interactions with Coexposed Environmental Pollutants (EPs) and Impact on Their Toxicity and Bioavailability.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Cytosolic Cadherin 4 promotes angiogenesis and metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer by suppressing the ubiquitination/degradation of β-catenin.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Non-invasive detection of orthotopic human lung tumors by microRNA expression profiling of mouse exhaled breath condensates and exhaled extracellular vesicles.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2024Article
- CDH4 inhibits ferroptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.BMC oral health · 2023Article
- Expression and associated epigenetic mechanisms of the CaJournal of cell communication and signaling · 2022Article
- Epithelial-mesenchymal transition: The history, regulatory mechanism, and cancer therapeutic opportunities.MedComm · 2022Review
- Cadherin switches during epithelial-mesenchymal transition: CDH4/RCAD downregulation reduces bladder cancer progression.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2022Article
- Association of environmental exposure to chromium with differential DNA methylation: An epigenome-wide study.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Systemic analysis of the expression levels and prognosis of breast cancer-related cadherins.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2021Article
- Long noncoding RNA FER1L4 promotes the malignant processes of papillary thyroid cancer by targeting the miR-612/ Cadherin 4 axis.Cancer cell international · 2021Article
- Expression and Prognostic Significance of Cadherin 4 (CDH4) in Renal Cell Carcinoma.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2020Article
- Cdh4 Down-Regulation Impairs in Vivo Infiltration and Malignancy in Patients Derived Glioblastoma Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Atypical plant homeodomain of UBR7 functions as an H2BK120Ub ligase and breast tumor suppressor.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Article
- Towards Resolving the Pro- and Anti-Tumor Effects of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
- Loss of E-Cadherin-Dependent Cell-Cell Adhesion and the Development and Progression of Cancer.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2018Review
- Cadherins Associate with Distinct Stem Cell-Related Transcription Factors to Coordinate the Maintenance of Stemness in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Stem cells international · 2017Article
- CDH4 suppresses the progression of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma via E-cadherin co-expression.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- Genetic variations associated with gemcitabine treatment outcome in pancreatic cancer.Pharmacogenetics and genomics · 2016Article
- Efficient isolation and proteomic analysis of cell plasma membrane proteins in gastric cancer reveal a novel differentiation and progression related cell surface marker, R-cadherin.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The mammary epithelium is thought to be stabilized by cell-cell adhesion mediated mainly by E-cadherin (E-cad). Here, we show that another cadherin, retinal cadherin (R-cad), is critical for maintenance of the epithelial phenotype. R-cad is expressed in nontransformed mammary epithelium but absent from tumorigenic cell lines. In vivo, R-cad was prominently expressed in the epithelium of both ducts and lobules. In human breast cancer, R-cad was down-regulated with tumor progression, with high expression in ductal carcinoma in situ and reduced expression in invasive duct carcinomas. By comparison, E-cad expression persisted in invasive breast tumors and cell lines where R-cad was lost. Consistent with these findings, R-cad knockdown in normal mammary epithelium stimulated invasiveness and disrupted formation of acini despite continued E-cad expression. Conversely, R-cad overexpression in aggressive cell lines induced glandular morphogenesis and inhibited invasiveness, tumor formation, and lung colonization. R-cad also suppressed the matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), MMP2, and cyclooxygenase 2 gene expression associated with pulmonary metastasis. The data suggest that R-cad is an adhesion molecule of the mammary epithelium, which acts as a critical regulator of the normal phenotype. As a result, R-cad loss contributes to epithelial suppression and metastatic progression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.