ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2009
Epstein-Barr virus polymerase processivity factor enhances BALF2 promoter transcription as a coactivator for the BZLF1 immediate-early protein.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- High-risk EBV promotes immune evasion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by upregulating HLA-DP via the encoded BALF2-HR variant.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Epstein-Barr virus: biology, pathogenesis and therapy of lymphomas.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Comparative Analysis of the Humoral Immune Response to the EBV Proteome across EBV-Related Malignancies.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2023Article
- Article
- Identifying the Cellular Interactome of Epstein-Barr Virus Lytic Regulator Zta Reveals Cellular Targets Contributing to Viral Replication.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- The Epstein-Barr Virus BMRF1 Protein Activates Transcription and Inhibits the DNA Damage Response by Binding NuRD.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Article
- The Epstein-Barr Virus BRRF1 Gene Is Dispensable for Viral Replication in HEK293 cells and Transformation.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- The SWI/SNF Chromatin Regulator BRG1 Modulates the Transcriptional Regulatory Activity of the Epstein-Barr Virus DNA Polymerase Processivity Factor BMRF1.Journal of virology · 2017Article
- Review
- Replication of Epstein-Barr viral DNA.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2013Review
- Epstein-Barr virus and systemic lupus erythematosus.Clinical & developmental immunology · 2012Review
- Spatiotemporally different DNA repair systems participate in Epstein-Barr virus genome maturation.Journal of virology · 2011Article
- Epstein-Barr virus genetics: talking about the BAC generation.Herpesviridae · 2010Article
- Tetrameric ring formation of Epstein-Barr virus polymerase processivity factor is crucial for viral replication.Journal of virology · 2010Article
- CpG-methylation regulates a class of Epstein-Barr virus promoters.PLoS pathogens · 2010Article
- A subset of replication proteins enhances origin recognition and lytic replication by the Epstein-Barr virus ZEBRA protein.PLoS pathogens · 2010Article
- Transcriptional repression by sumoylation of Epstein-Barr virus BZLF1 protein correlates with association of histone deacetylase.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2010Article
- Initiation of lytic DNA replication in Epstein-Barr virus: search for a common family mechanism.Future virology · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) BMRF1 protein is an essential replication protein acting at viral replication forks as a viral DNA polymerase processivity factor, whereas the BALF2 protein is a single-stranded DNA-binding protein that also acts at replication forks and is most abundantly expressed during viral productive replication. Here we document that the BMRF1 protein evidently enhances viral BZLF1 transcription factor-mediated transactivation of the BALF2 gene promoter. Mutagenesis and electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated the BALF2 promoter to harbor two BZLF1 protein-binding sites (BZLF1-responsive elements). Direct binding of the BZLF1 protein to BZLF1-responsive elements and physical interaction between BZLF1 and BMRF1 proteins are prerequisite for the BMRF1 protein up-regulation of the BALF2 gene promoter. A monomeric mutant, C95E, which is defective in homodimerization, could still interact and enhance BZLF1-mediated transactivation. Furthermore although EBV protein kinase phosphorylates BMRF1 protein extensively, it turned out that phosphorylation of the protein by the kinase is inhibitory to the enhancement of the BZLF1-mediated transactivation of BALF2 promoter. Exogenous expression of BMRF1 protein augmented BALF2 expression in HEK293 cells harboring the EBV genome but lacking BMRF1 and BALF5 genes, demonstrating functions as a transcriptional regulator in the context of viral infection. Overall the BMRF1 protein is a multifunctional protein that cannot only act as a DNA polymerase processivity factor but also enhances BALF2 promoter transcription as a coactivator for the BZLF1 protein, regulating the expression level of viral single-stranded DNA-binding protein.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.