ArticlePloS one2009
A novel protein isoform of the multicopy human NAIP gene derives from intragenic Alu SINE promoters.
Article in PloS one, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Human and mouse NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome responses to bacterial infection.Current opinion in microbiology · 2023Review
- Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Induces NAIP/NLRC4- and NLRP3/ASC-Independent, Caspase-4-Dependent Inflammasome Activation in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells.Infection and immunity · 2022Article
- Human NAIP/NLRC4 and NLRP3 inflammasomes detect Salmonella type III secretion system activities to restrict intracellular bacterial replication.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- NAIP expression increases in a rat model of liver mass restoration.Journal of molecular histology · 2021Article
- Tissue-specific usage of transposable element-derived promoters in mouse development.Genome biology · 2020Article
- An integrated Asian human SNV and indel benchmark established using multiple sequencing methods.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Broad detection of bacterial type III secretion system and flagellin proteins by the human NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Article
- Structural variants caused byProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Article
- Transposable Elements in Human Cancer: Causes and Consequences of Deregulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
- Neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP) localizes to the cytokinetic machinery during cell division.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Onco-exaptation of an endogenous retroviral LTR drives IRF5 expression in Hodgkin lymphoma.Oncogene · 2016Article
- Salmonellae interactions with host processes.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2015Review
- Epithelial NAIPs protect against colonic tumorigenesis.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2015Article
- Remodeling of retrotransposon elements during epigenetic induction of adult visual cortical plasticity by HDAC inhibitors.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2015Article
- Flagellin induces antibody responses through a TLR5- and inflammasome-independent pathway.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Article
- Visual ModuleOrganizer: a graphical interface for the detection and comparative analysis of repeat DNA modules.Mobile DNA · 2014Article
- Functional impact of the human mobilome.Current opinion in genetics & development · 2013Review
- Exaptation of transposable elements into novel cis-regulatory elements: is the evidence always strong?Molecular biology and evolution · 2013Review
- Transcriptome-wide expansion of non-coding regulatory switches: evidence from co-occurrence of Alu exonization, antisense and editing.Nucleic acids research · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The human neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP) gene is no longer principally considered a member of the Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein (IAP) family, as its domain structure and functions in innate immunity also warrant inclusion in the Nod-Like Receptor (NLR) superfamily. NAIP is located in a region of copy number variation, with one full length and four partly deleted copies in the reference human genome. We demonstrate that several of the NAIP paralogues are expressed, and that novel transcripts arise from both internal and upstream transcription start sites. Remarkably, two internal start sites initiate within Alu short interspersed element (SINE) retrotransposons, and a third novel transcription start site exists within the final intron of the GUSBP1 gene, upstream of only two NAIP copies. One Alu functions alone as a promoter in transient assays, while the other likely combines with upstream L1 sequences to form a composite promoter. The novel transcripts encode shortened open reading frames and we show that corresponding proteins are translated in a number of cell lines and primary tissues, in some cases above the level of full length NAIP. Interestingly, some NAIP isoforms lack their caspase-sequestering motifs, suggesting that they have novel functions. Moreover, given that human and mouse NAIP have previously been shown to employ endogenous retroviral long terminal repeats as promoters, exaptation of Alu repeats as additional promoters provides a fascinating illustration of regulatory innovations adopted by a single gene.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.