ReviewAnnals of internal medicine2009
Narrative review: the emerging clinical implications of the role of aldosterone in the metabolic syndrome and resistant hypertension.
Review in Annals of internal medicine, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 134 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
134 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 352 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists on glucose homeostasis.Medicine · 2017Pooled it
- Genome-wide meta-analyses of plasma renin activity and concentration reveal association with the kininogen 1 and prekallikrein genes.Circulation. Cardiovascular genetics · 2015Pooled it
- Dietary sodium restriction decreases insulin secretion without affecting insulin sensitivity in humans.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2014Trial
- Antihypertensive and metabolic effects of Angiotensin receptor blocker/diuretic combination therapy in obese, hypertensive African American and white patients.American journal of therapeutics · 2013Trial
- Angiotensin receptor blocker/diuretic combination preserves insulin responses in obese hypertensives.Journal of hypertension · 2010Trial
- Spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide decrease vascular stiffness and blood pressure in geriatric hypertension.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2010Trial
- Bidirectional Associations Between Blood Glucose and Blood Pressure: A Data-Driven Causal Analysis Using Structural Equation Modelling and Granger Causality on NHANES Longitudinal Data.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- DPA/AA ratio as a potential biomarker of primary aldosteronism in young and middle-aged adults.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Subclinical primary aldosteronism: toward a conceptual framework linking primary aldosteronism and low-renin hypertension.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- The prognosis of primary aldosteronism achieved incomplete surgical remission and changes in plasma aldosterone, plasma renin activity, and biochemical indicators.Journal of medical biochemistry · 2025Article
- Association of obesity phenotypes with risk of cardiovascular disease mortality: a prospective cohort study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Unilateral Primary Aldosteronism Lacking KCNJ5 Somatic Mutations Is Associated With an Elevated Risk of New-Onset Diabetes.Diabetes · 2025Article
- Role of obesity in chronic kidney disease progression.Current research in physiology · 2025Review
- Association Between Renal Sinus Fat and Cardiometabolic and Renin-Angiotensin System Parameters in Primary Aldosteronism.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2023Article
- NR3C1/Glucocorticoid receptor activation promotes pancreatic β-cell autophagy overload in response to glucolipotoxicity.Autophagy · 2023Article
- Diabetes Mellitus Secondary to Endocrine Diseases: An Update of Diagnostic and Treatment Particularities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The role of aldosterone and ideal cardiovascular health in incident cardiovascular disease: The Jackson heart study.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2023Article
- The role of aldosterone and ideal cardiovascular health in incident diabetes: The Jackson Heart Study.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2023Article
- Primary hyperaldosteronism is associated with increased mortality and morbidity in patients with hypertension and diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- The role of selected adipokines in tumorigenesis and metabolic disorders in patients with adrenal tumors.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2023Article
74 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease is increasing in developed countries. Obesity, insulin resistance, and hypertension commonly cluster with other risk factors for cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease to form the metabolic syndrome. Emerging evidence supports a paradigm shift in our understanding of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and in aldosterone's ability to promote insulin resistance and participate in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome and resistant hypertension. Recent data suggest that excess circulating aldosterone promotes the development of both disorders by impairing insulin metabolic signaling and endothelial function, which in turn leads to insulin resistance and cardiovascular and renal structural and functional abnormalities. Indeed, hyperaldosteronism is associated with impaired pancreatic beta-cell function, skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity, and elevated production of proinflammatory adipokines from adipose tissue, which results in systemic inflammation and impaired glucose tolerance. Accumulating evidence indicates that the cardiovascular and renal abnormalities associated with insulin resistance are mediated in part by aldosterone acting on the mineralocorticoid receptor. Although we have known that mineralocorticoid receptor blockade attenuates cardiovascular and renal injury, only recently have we learned that mineralocorticoid receptor blockade improves pancreatic insulin release, insulin-mediated glucose utilization, and endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. In summary, aldosterone excess has detrimental metabolic effects that contribute to the metabolic syndrome and endothelial dysfunction, which in turn contribute to the development of resistant hypertension as well as cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.