ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2009
Unphosphorylated STAT1 prolongs the expression of interferon-induced immune regulatory genes.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 204 papers.
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Who cites it
204 citing papers in PubMed, 308 citations in OpenAlex.
- Altered increase in STAT1 expression and phosphorylation in severe COVID-19.European journal of immunology · 2022Trial
- Understanding protein ISGylation, a multifaceted posttranslational modification.Cell chemical biology · 2026Review
- Bi-directional regulation between NAD/NAMPT and IFN-γ/PD-L1 axes via BRD4/IRF1 and mitochondrial respiration in metastatic cutaneous melanoma.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Article
- PTPN2 inhibition unleashes response to STING agonism in head and neck squamous cell cancer.Nature communications · 2026Article
- MicroRNA-138 regulation promotes the efficacy of oncolytic herpes virus G47Δ for malignant brain tumor therapy.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- The antimycobacterial and healing effect of sorafenib through pro-apoptotic and immunomodulatory activities.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Dual role of IFNγ in reprogramming the undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma cell line JBT19 towards cytotoxic chemotherapy and antitumor immunity.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Intra-Leukemic Interferon Signaling Suppresses Expansion and Mediates Chemoresistance in Human AML.Blood cancer discovery · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammation and Disease: Pathways and Opportunities.Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology · 2026Review
- Reduced CARS2 expression elicits a low-grade pro-inflammatory signature in THP-1 macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Biomarkers for predicting immunotherapy response and resistance in glioblastoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- CYP8B1 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression by repressing PAK4 transcription through inhibition of nuclear translocation of u-STAT1.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- PARP7 and aryl hydrocarbon receptor differentially regulate mammary cancer cell proliferation and STING-induced type I interferon signalling.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- DNA fragmentation factor B suppresses interferon to enable cancer persister cell regrowth.Nature cell biology · 2025Article
- The Type I Interferon Axis in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases: From Molecular Pathways to Targeted Therapy.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- EGFR-STAT1 pathway drives fibrosis initiation in fibroinflammatory skin diseases.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Identification of AMOTL2 as an antiviral factor that enhances the human type I interferon response against Zika virus.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Targeted deprivation of STAT6 sensitizes acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells to cytarabine in vivo and in vitro: clinical implications.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- PARP7 inhibition stabilizes STAT1/STAT2 and relieves experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Behavioral assessment and gene expression changes in a mouse model with dysfunctional STAT1 signaling.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
144 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In normal human cells treated with interferons (IFNs), the concentration of tyrosine-phosphorylated STAT1 (YP-STAT1), which drives the expression of a large number of genes, increases quickly but then decreases over a period of several hours. Because the STAT1 gene is activated by YP-STAT1, IFNs stimulate a large increase in the concentration of unphosphorylated STAT1 (U-STAT1) that persists for several days. To test the significance of high U-STAT1 expression, we increased its concentration exogenously in the absence of IFN treatment. In response, the expression of many immune regulatory genes (e.g., IFI27, IFI44, OAS, and BST2) was increased. In human fibroblasts or mammary epithelial cells treated with low concentrations of IFN-beta or IFN-gamma, the expression of the same genes increased after 6 h and continued to increase after 48 or 72 h, long after the concentration of YP-STAT1 had returned to basal levels. Consistent with its activity as a transcription factor, most U-STAT1 was present in the nuclei of these cells before IFN treatment, and the fraction in nuclei increased 48 h after treatment with IFN. We conclude that the nuclear U-STAT1 that accumulates in response to IFNs maintains or increases the expression of a subset of IFN-induced genes independently of YP-STAT1, and that many of the induced proteins are involved in immune regulation.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.