ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2009
Gag- and Nef-specific CD4+ T cells recognize and inhibit SIV replication in infected macrophages early after infection.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antiretroviral therapy blocks natural selection on protective and disease-susceptible HLA-B alleles in HIV-1 infection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Cytotoxic CD4Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Cytotoxic CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Role of CD4+ T Cells in the Control of Viral Infections: Recent Advances and Open Questions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Mucosal and systemic SIV-specific cytotoxic CD4Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Dynamics of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Two-Long-Terminal-Repeat Circles in the Presence and Absence of CD8Journal of virology · 2018Article
- The anti-caspase inhibitor Q-VD-OPH prevents AIDS disease progression in SIV-infected rhesus macaques.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2018Article
- Limited immune surveillance in lymphoid tissue by cytolytic CD4+ T cells during health and HIV disease.PLoS pathogens · 2018Article
- Article
- T-cell responses to KSHV infection: a systematic approach.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Dendritic Cell Targeting Effectively Boosts T Cell Responses Elicited by an HIV Multiepitope DNA Vaccine.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Fighting Viral Infections and Virus-Driven Tumors with Cytotoxic CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Cytotoxic CD4 T Cells-Friend or Foe during Viral Infection?Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Biphasic CD8+ T-Cell Defense in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Control by Acute-Phase Passive Neutralizing Antibody Immunization.Journal of virology · 2016Article
- Article
- Co-administration of plasmid-encoded granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor increases human immunodeficiency virus-1 DNA vaccine-induced polyfunctional CD4+ T-cell responses.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2015Article
- Early HIV RNA decay during raltegravir-containing regimens exhibits two distinct subphases (1a and 1b).AIDS (London, England) · 2015Article
- Nef Is Dispensable for Resistance of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Macrophages to CD8+ T Cell Killing.Journal of virology · 2015Article
- HLA Class-II Associated HIV Polymorphisms Predict Escape from CD4+ T Cell Responses.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
- Long-term control of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in cynomolgus macaques not associated with efficient SIV-specific CD8+ T-cell responses.Journal of virology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The precise immunological role played by CD4(+) T cells in retroviral infections is poorly defined. Here, we describe a new function of these cells, the elimination of retrovirus-infected macrophages. After experimental CD8(+) cell depletion, elite controlling macaques with set-point viral loads < or = 500 viral RNA copies/mL mounted robust Gag- and Nef-specific CD4(+) T cell responses during reestablishment of control with > or = 54% of all virus-specific CD4(+) T cells targeting these 2 proteins. Ex vivo, these simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-specific CD4(+) T cells neither recognized nor suppressed viral replication in SIV-infected CD4(+) T cells. In contrast, they recognized SIV-infected macrophages as early as 2 h postinfection because of presentation of epitopes derived from virion-associated Gag and Nef proteins. Furthermore, virus-specific CD4(+) T cells displayed direct effector function and eliminated SIV-infected macrophages. These results suggest that retrovirus-specific CD4(+) T cells may contribute directly to elite control by inhibiting viral replication in macrophages.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.