ReviewMolecular immunology2009
The role of the anaphylatoxins in health and disease.
Review in Molecular immunology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 376 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
376 citing papers in PubMed, 705 citations in OpenAlex.
- A randomized diet-induced weight-loss intervention reduces plasma complement C3: Possible implication for endothelial dysfunction.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2022Trial
- Pre-existing antibody-mediated adverse effects prevent the clinical development of a bacterial anti-inflammatory protein.Disease models & mechanisms · 2020Trial
- Complement factors C3 and C5 as tissue biomarkers for differentiating periprosthetic joint infection from aseptic implant failure.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
- The "Double-Edged Sword" of Neutrophils in Trauma: From Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Precision Immunomodulation Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Atypical signaling, ligand recognition and selective agonist discovery of complement receptor C5aR2.Cell research · 2026Article
- Exploring shared biomarkers and their mechanisms in thyroid cancer and systemic lupus erythematosus via bioinformatics analysis.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- The Complement System and Its Role in Eosinophilic Inflammation in Respiratory Diseases.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Article
- Lessons of Macrophage-Associated Heart Regeneration in Fish, Amphibians, and Neonatal Mice, Applied to Adult Mice: A Perspective on α-Gal Nanoparticles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- C3a and TNF-α as potential biomarkers in recurrent spontaneous abortion: insights from integrated protein and gene expression analysis.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Complement tumor-crosstalk: the role of C5a receptors in urothelial carcinomas.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The plasticity and metabolic reprogramming of macrophage in ulcerative colitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Macrophage-centered immune-fibrotic persistence in endometriosis and adenomyosis: non-hormonal immunopharmacological targets.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Overexpression of key complement regulators in glioblastoma.PloS one · 2026Article
- Modulator-induced conformational changes in complement C5, implications for function and drug design.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Cytokine-induced chromatin accessibility in whole blood neutrophils links to sepsis transcriptional states.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The Pleiotropic Effect of Complement C5a-C5aR1 Pathway in Diseases: From Immune Regulation to Targeted Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Proteins of the SubB family provide multiple mechanisms of serum resistance inEmerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
316 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The anaphylatoxin (AT) C3a, C5a and C5a-desArg are generally considered pro-inflammatory polypeptides generated after proteolytic cleavage of C3 and C5 in response to complement activation. Their well-appreciated effector functions include chemotaxis and activation of granulocytes, mast cells and macrophages. Recent evidence suggests that ATs are also generated locally within tissues by pathogen-, cell-, or contact system-derived proteases. This local generation of ATs is important for their pleiotropic biologic effects beyond inflammation. The ATs exert most of the biologic activities through ligation of three cognate receptors, i.e. the C3a receptor, the C5a receptor and the C5a receptor-like, C5L2. Here, we will discuss recent findings suggesting that ATs regulate cell apoptosis, lipid metabolism as well as innate and adaptive immune responses through their impact on antigen-presenting cells and T cells. As we will outline, such regulatory functions of ATs and their receptors play important roles in the pathogenesis of allergy, autoimmunity, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer and infections with intracellular pathogens.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.