ArticleDiabetologia2009
The economic costs of diabetes: a population-based study in Tehran, Iran.
Article in Diabetologia, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 178 citations in OpenAlex.
- The household financial burden of non-communicable diseases in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.Health research policy and systems · 2021Pooled it
- Challenges of managing diabetes in Iran: meta-synthesis of qualitative studies.BMC health services research · 2020Pooled it
- Cost-of-illness of type 2 diabetes mellitus in low and lower-middle income countries: a systematic review.BMC health services research · 2018Pooled it
- The Economic Costs of Type 2 Diabetes: A Global Systematic Review.PharmacoEconomics · 2015Pooled it
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- A randomized controlled trial to determining the effect of cinnamon on the plasma levels of soluble forms of vascular adhesion molecules in type 2 diabetes mellitus.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Trial
- Biphasic insulin Aspart 30 vs. NPH plus regular human insulin in type 2 diabetes patients; a cost-effectiveness study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2016Trial
- The global economic burden of diabetes for 190 countries 2021-50: a macroeconomic modelling study.Nature communications · 2026Article
- National innovation system for diabetes and metabolic disorders can promote biomedical research accountability; a literature review and designing a conceptual framework.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2024Review
- The Economic Burden of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Pakistan: A Cost of Illness Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Impact of diabetes on healthcare utilization and expenditure among older adults in India.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2024Article
- Economic burden of diabetic foot ulcer: a case of Iran.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Letter to the editor: alarming prevalence of comorbid conditions in adults with type 2 diabetes in Iran.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2023Article
- Using the theory of planned behavior to predict factors influencing fast-food consumption among college students.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus and In-hospital Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Events (MACCEs) and postoperative complications among patients undergoing on-pump isolated coronary artery bypass surgery in Northeastern Iran.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2023Article
- Article
- The relationship between glucose intolerance status and risk of hospitalization during two decades of follow-up: Tehran lipid and glucose study.Annals of medicine · 2022Article
- Affordability of Medication Therapy in Diabetic Patients: A Scenario-Based Assessment in Iran's Health System Context.International journal of health policy and management · 2022Article
- Sex Differences in the Physiological Network of Healthy Young Subjects.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aim/hypothesisThe aim of the study was to determine the annual healthcare expenditures of an individual with diabetes in Tehran, between March 2004 and March 2005.
methodsThis prevalence-based 'cost-of-illness' study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, 23,707 randomly selected individuals were interviewed to gather a cohort of participants with diabetes. In the second phase, 710 diabetic patients and 904 age- and sex-matched controls were followed up for 1 year at intervals of 3 months and the direct (physician services, medications and devices, hospitalisation, laboratory, paraclinical and transport) and indirect (loss of productivity) expenditures were recorded. The excess costs of a person with diabetes were estimated through comparison with matched controls. The estimates were also extrapolated to the total population of Tehran and Iran. The costs were converted from the Iranian rial to the US dollar (exchange rate September 2004).
resultsTotal annual direct costs of diabetic and control participants were $152.3 +/- 14.5 and $52.0 +/- 5.8, respectively, which is indicative of 2.92 times higher costs in diabetic patients. The most expensive components of direct costs were medications and devices, and hospitalisation in diabetic patients (28.7% and 28.6%, respectively). Total indirect costs were $39.6 +/- 2.4 and $16.7 +/- 1.1 in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. The aggregate annual direct costs of diabetes were estimated to be $112.424 +/- 10.732 million and $590.676 +/- 65.985 million in Tehran and Iran, respectively. Diabetes complications contributed 53% of the aggregate excess direct costs of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationDiabetes is an expensive medical problem in Iran and planning of national programmes for its control and prevention is necessary.
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