ReviewBritish journal of anaesthesia2009
Immunomodulation in the critically ill.
Review in British journal of anaesthesia, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Lymphopenia and elevated NLR identify patients with septic shock who may benefit from corticosteroids: a target trial emulation study.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2026Article
- An Exceptional Case of a Supra-tentorial Streptococcus Salivarius Brain Abscess-A Case Report.Clinical medicine insights. Case reports · 2025Article
- A review of immune modulators and immunotherapy in infectious diseases.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2024Review
- Article
- Effect of calcitriol supplementation on infectious biomarkers in patients with positive systemic inflammatory response: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Article
- Post-translational modifications in sepsis-induced organ dysfunction: mechanisms and implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Relationship between corticosteroid use and incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in COVID-19 patients: a retrospective multicenter study.Critical care (London, England) · 2022Observational
- Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Immune Cells: A Narrative Review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- COVID-19, what could sepsis, severe acute pancreatitis, gender differences, and aging teach us?Cytokine · 2021Review
- The immunomodulatory mechanism of dexmedetomidine.International immunopharmacology · 2021Review
- Effects of Morphine and Fentanyl on Patients with COVID-19.Tanaffos · 2021Article
- Pharmaco-Immunomodulatory Therapy in COVID-19.Drugs · 2020Review
- LPS-Binding Protein Modulates Acute Renal Fibrosis by Inducing Pericyte-to-Myofibroblast Trans-Differentiation through TLR-4 Signaling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Sepsis: The evolution in definition, pathophysiology, and management.SAGE open medicine · 2019Review
- More of the Gut in the Lung: How Two Microbiomes Meet in ARDS.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2018Review
- Parameters of the Endocannabinoid System as Novel Biomarkers in Sepsis and Septic Shock.Metabolites · 2017Review
- Article
- Pharmacological inhibition of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 limits reperfusion injury in a porcine model of myocardial infarction.ESC heart failure · 2015Article
- Dynamic changes of circulating T-helper cell subsets following severe thoracic trauma.International journal of clinical and experimental medicine · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immunotherapy in the critically ill is an appealing notion because of the apparent abnormal immune and inflammatory responses seen in so many patients. The administration of a medication that could alter immune responses and decrease mortality in patients with sepsis could represent a 'magic bullet'. Various approaches have been tried over the last 20 yr: steroids; anti-endotoxin or anti-cytokine antibodies; cytokine receptor antagonists; and other agents with immune-modulating side-effects. However, in some respects, research along these lines has been unsuccessful or disappointing at best. The current state of knowledge is summarized with particular reference to sepsis and the acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.