ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2009
Heterogeneity of mitochondria and mitochondrial function within cells as another level of mitochondrial complexity.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 126 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
126 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 235 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mitochondrial Proteomes in Neural Cells: A Systematic Review.Biomolecules · 2023Pooled it
- Repurposed cAMP-Modulating Agents Enhance 5-Fluorouracil Response Through Membrane-Dependent Mechanisms.Membranes · 2026Review
- Mitochondrial Signaling and Ultrastructure in the Myocardium During Long-Term Adaptation to Hypoxia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- cGAS-STING Signaling as a Molecular Bridge Between Inflammation, Ovarian Ageing, and Reproductive Failure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Redox-Regulated Mitophagy and Lysosomal Dysfunction as a Convergent Mechanism in Female Infertility: Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Perspectives.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Synergistic effects of dexamethasone and vitamins D and K on mesenchymal stem cell differentiation.Biomedical engineering online · 2026Article
- Early Reduction in Mitochondrial Membrane Potential in Synaptic Mitochondria Contribute to Synaptic Pathology in the EAE Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Cryo-EM structures of human ClpXP reveal mechanisms of assembly and proteolytic activation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Evolutionary neuroeconomic adaptations of fast-spiking neurons in the human neocortex.Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience · 2026Review
- Evidence of positive selection in the COI mitochondrial gene in the blue crab Callinectes sapidus (Decapoda: Portunidae).Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Modulating inter-mitochondrial contacts to increase membrane potential for mitigating blue light damage.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Aging, HIV, and Long COVID: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- A data-driven model for mitochondrial inner membrane remodeling as a driving force of organelle shaping.Journal of cell science · 2025Article
- TNFα-mediated subcellular heterogeneity of succinate dehydrogenase activity in human airway smooth muscle cells.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2025Article
- Chronic stress elicits sex-specific mitochondrial respiratory functional changes in the rat heart.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Article
- MitoLandscape, a semi-automated pipeline for subcellular localization and quantification of mitochondria.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Revealing mitochondrial architecture and functions with single molecule localization microscopy.Biology of the cell · 2025Review
- Recommendations for mitochondria transfer and transplantation nomenclature and characterization.Nature metabolism · 2025Review
- An expanded view of cell competition.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2024Review
66 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Beyond their fundamental role in energy metabolism, mitochondria perform a great variety of other important cellular functions. However, the interplay among these various roles of mitochondria is still poorly understood, and the underlying mechanisms can be related to system level properties. Importantly, mitochondria localized in different regions of a cell may display different morphology, dissimilar biochemical properties, or may differently interact with other intracellular structures. Recent advances in live imaging techniques have also revealed a functional heterogeneity of mitochondria with respect to mitochondrial redox state, membrane potential, respiratory activity, uncoupling proteins, mitochondrial ROS and calcium. An important and still unresolved question is how the heterogeneity of mitochondrial function and the regional specializations of mitochondria are mechanistically realized in the cell and to what extent this could be dependent on environmental aspects. Distinct mitochondrial subsets may also exhibit different responses to substrates and inhibitors and may vary in their sensitivity to pathology, resistance to apoptosis, oxidative stress, thus also demonstrating heterogeneous behavior. All these observations strongly suggest that the intracellular position, organization and the specific surroundings of mitochondria within the cell define their functional features, while also implying that different mitochondrial subpopulations, clusters or even single mitochondrion may execute diverse processes in a cell. The heterogeneity of mitochondrial function demonstrates an additional level of mitochondrial complexity and is a new, challenging area in mitochondrial research that potentially leads to the integration of mitochondrial bioenergetics and cell physiology with various physiological and pathophysiological implications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.