ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2009
Mycotoxin detection in human samples from patients exposed to environmental molds.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adverse Obstetrical Outcomes with In-Utero Exposure to Indoor Macrocyclic Trichothecenes,Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Indoor air bacterial and fungal burden in the environment of an atopic child: implications for elevated urine mycotoxin levels.Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju · 2026Article
- HLA gene variations and mycotoxin toxicity: Four case reports.Mycotoxin research · 2024Article
- AWMF mold guideline "Medical clinical diagnostics for indoor mold exposure" - Update 2023 AWMF Register No. 161/001.Allergologie select · 2024Article
- Analysis of mold and mycotoxins in naturally infested indoor building materials.Mycotoxin research · 2022Article
- Prevalence of Aspergillus-Derived Mycotoxins (Ochratoxin, Aflatoxin, and Gliotoxin) and Their Distribution in the Urinalysis of ME/CFS Patients.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Review
- Mycotoxins-Biomonitoring and Human Exposure.Toxins · 2021Review
- Ochratoxin A-induced genotoxic and epigenetic mechanisms lead to Alzheimer disease: its modulation with strategies.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Review
- Association between Urinary Levels of Aflatoxin and Consumption of Food Linked to Maize or Cow Milk or Dairy Products.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Metabolic Profile, Bioavailability and Toxicokinetics of Zearalenone-14-Glucoside in Rats after Oral and Intravenous Administration by Liquid Chromatography High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry and Tandem Mass Spectrometry.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Review
- Clinical Diagnosis of the Dampness and Mold Hypersensitivity Syndrome: Review of the Literature and Suggested Diagnostic Criteria.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- The Neuroinflammatory Etiopathology of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS).Frontiers in physiology · 2017Article
- An Evolutionary-Based Framework for Analyzing Mold and Dampness-Associated Symptoms in DMHS.Frontiers in immunology · 2016Article
- Environment, dysbiosis, immunity and sex-specific susceptibility: a translational hypothesis for regressive autism pathogenesis.Nutritional neuroscience · 2015Review
- Immune responses to airborne fungi and non-invasive airway diseases.Seminars in immunopathology · 2015Review
- New exposure biomarkers as tools for breast cancer epidemiology, biomonitoring, and prevention: a systematic approach based on animal evidence.Environmental health perspectives · 2014Review
- Chronic illness associated with mold and mycotoxins: is naso-sinus fungal biofilm the culprit?Toxins · 2013Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The goal of this study was to determine if selected mycotoxins (trichothecenes, aflatoxins, and ochratoxins) could be extracted and identified in human tissue and body fluids from patients exposed to toxin producing molds in their environment. Human urine and methanol extracted tissues and sputum were examined. Trichothecenes were tested using competitive ELISA techniques. Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2, and ochratoxin A were tested by using immunoaffinity columns and fluorometry. Test sensitivity and specificity were determined. Levels of detection for the various mycotoxins varied from 0.2 ppb for trichothecenes, 1.0 ppb for aflatoxins, and 2.0 ppb for ochratoxins. Trichothecene levels varied in urine, sputum, and tissue biopsies (lung, liver, brain) from undetectable (<0.2 ppb) to levels up to 18 ppb. Aflatoxin levels from the same types of tissues varied from 1.0 to 5.0 ppb. Ochratoxins isolated in the same type of tissues varied from 2.0 ppb to > 10.0 ppb. Negative control patients had no detectable mycotoxins in their tissues or fluids. These data show that mycotoxins can be detected in body fluids and human tissue from patients exposed to mycotoxin producing molds in the environment, and demonstrate which human tissues or fluids are the most likely to yield positive results.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.