Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19468075›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of general physiology2009

CO2-induced ion and fluid transport in human retinal pigment epithelium.

Jeffrey Adijanto, Tina Banzon, Stephen Jalickee, Nam S Wang, Sheldon S Miller

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of general physiology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01432847 (Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem), which is not on this map. Cited by 69 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
69citing papers in PubMed
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01432847 recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2011, after this paper: background citation

Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem (iPS) Cell Lines From Somatic Cells of Participants With Eye Diseases and From Somatic Cells of Matched Controls

TypeobservationalSponsorNational Eye Institute (NEI)Ran2011Enrolled930ConditionsRetinal Disease, AMD, Retinal Degeneration, Retinitis Pigmentosa
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

69 citing papers in PubMed, 106 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Kv2.1/Kv8.2 Channels Regulate Fluid Homeostasis in the Outer Retina.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Subretinal Aspects of the Optoretinographic Response.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. The Surviving, Not Thriving, Photoreceptors in Patients withDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Jeffrey AdijantoDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Tina Banzon
Stephen Jalickee
Nam S Wang
Sheldon S Miller
National Eye Institute · USNational Institutes of Health · USUniversity of Maryland, College Park · US

Funding

pH-dependent ion- transport mechanism in the hfRPEZIAEY000445 · NEI · NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE · PI MILLER, SHELDON · 2009 to 2010
$495k
pH-dependent ion- transport mechanism in the hfRPEZ01EY000445 · NEI · NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE · PI MILLER, SHELDON · 2007 to 2008
$456k
Intramural NIH HHS
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In the intact eye, the transition from light to dark alters pH, [Ca2+], and [K] in the subretinal space (SRS) separating the photoreceptor outer segments and the apical membrane of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). In addition to these changes, oxygen consumption in the retina increases with a concomitant release of CO2 and H2O into the SRS. The RPE maintains SRS pH and volume homeostasis by transporting these metabolic byproducts to the choroidal blood supply. In vitro, we mimicked the transition from light to dark by increasing apical bath CO2 from 5 to 13%; this maneuver decreased cell pH from 7.37 +/- 0.05 to 7.14 +/- 0.06 (n = 13). Our analysis of native and cultured fetal human RPE shows that the apical membrane is significantly more permeable (approximately 10-fold; n = 7) to CO2 than the basolateral membrane, perhaps due to its larger exposed surface area. The limited CO2 diffusion at the basolateral membrane promotes carbonic anhydrase-mediated HCO3 transport by a basolateral membrane Na/nHCO3 cotransporter. The activity of this transporter was increased by elevating apical bath CO2 and was reduced by dorzolamide. Increasing apical bath CO2 also increased intracellular Na from 15.7 +/- 3.3 to 24.0 +/- 5.3 mM (n = 6; P < 0.05) by increasing apical membrane Na uptake. The CO2-induced acidification also inhibited the basolateral membrane Cl/HCO3 exchanger and increased net steady-state fluid absorption from 2.8 +/- 1.6 to 6.7 +/- 2.3 microl x cm(-2) x hr(-1) (n = 5; P < 0.05). The present experiments show how the RPE can accommodate the increased retinal production of CO2 and H(2)O in the dark, thus preventing acidosis in the SRS. This homeostatic process would preserve the close anatomical relationship between photoreceptor outer segments and RPE in the dark and light, thus protecting the health of the photoreceptors.

Indexed as

BicarbonatesBiological Transport, ActiveCarbon DioxideCarbonic AnhydrasesFetusHumansHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationIonsIon TransportModels, BiologicalRetinal Pigment EpitheliumSodiumSodium-Bicarbonate SymportersBicarbonatesCarbon DioxideCarbonic AnhydrasesIonsSodiumSodium-Bicarbonate Symporters

Identifiers

PMID19468075
PMCPMC2713148
OpenAlexW2121678816

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.