ArticlePancreas2009
Growth of human pancreatic cancer is inhibited by down-regulation of gastrin gene expression.
Article in Pancreas, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms of obesity- and diabetes mellitus-related pancreatic carcinogenesis: a comprehensive and systematic review.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Pooled it
- Target-Specific Locked Nucleic Acid Gapmer Decreases Growth and Metastases of Pancreatic Cancer.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2025Article
- Target-Specific Nanoparticle Polyplex Down-Regulates MutantInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Cholecystokinin-B Receptor-Targeted Nanoparticle for Imaging and Detection of Precancerous Lesions in the Pancreas.Biomolecules · 2021Article
- Insights into Effects/Risks of Chronic Hypergastrinemia and Lifelong PPI Treatment in Man Based on Studies of Patients with Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Gastrin vaccine improves response to immune checkpoint antibody in murine pancreatic cancer by altering the tumor microenvironment.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2019Article
- Cholecystokinin receptor antagonist alters pancreatic cancer microenvironment and increases efficacy of immune checkpoint antibody therapy in mice.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2018Article
- Cholecystokinin Receptor-Targeted Polyplex Nanoparticle Inhibits Growth and Metastasis of Pancreatic Cancer.Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2018Article
- The Role of Gastrin and CCK Receptors in Pancreatic Cancer and other Malignancies.International journal of biological sciences · 2016Review
- Targeting of the β6 gene to suppress degradation of ECM via inactivation of the MAPK pathway in breast adenocarcinoma cells.Oncology reports · 2014Article
- Cholecystokinin receptor antagonist halts progression of pancreatic cancer precursor lesions and fibrosis in mice.Pancreas · 2014Article
- Cholecystokinin mediates progression and metastasis of pancreatic cancer associated with dietary fat.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2014Article
- Article
- Cholecystokinin and pancreatic cancer: the chicken or the egg?American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2014Review
- Risk factors and therapeutic targets in pancreatic cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2013Review
- Function-driven discovery of neuropeptides with mass spectrometry-based tools.Protein and peptide letters · 2013Review
- A Speculative Role for Stromal Gastrin Signaling in Development and Dissemination of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.Pancreatic disorders & therapy · 2013Article
- Downregulation of the CCK-B receptor in pancreatic cancer cells blocks proliferation and promotes apoptosis.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2012Article
- Role of endogenous cholecystokinin on growth of human pancreatic cancer.International journal of oncology · 2011Article
- Inhibition of NADPH oxidase by glucosylceramide confers chemoresistance.Cancer biology & therapy · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThis study evaluated the effects of gastrin messenger RNA (mRNA) down-regulation on growth of human pancreatic cancer.
methodsGastrin expression was examined in human pancreatic cancer cell lines by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, and peptide expression was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Gastrin was down-regulated using either stable transfection of an antisense gastrin cDNA or 1 of 3 shRNA (short hairpin RNA) constructs. Tumor formation was evaluated after either subcutaneous or orthotopic injections into nude mice. The effect of nanoliposomes loaded with gastrin siRNA (small interfering RNA) was tested in mice bearing pancreatic tumors.
resultsStable transfection of gastrin antisense or shRNAs into BxPC-3 cells resulted in clones with more than 90% reduction in gastrin mRNA. Tumor growth rate and incidence of metastases in both wild-type and transfected pancreatic cancer cells were directly proportional to the degrees of gastrin mRNA expression. Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed that gastrin peptide levels were decreased in antisense and shRNA tumors. Gastrin knockdown clones had lower Ki-67 and increased cleaved caspase-3 staining, consistent with known effects of gastrin on proliferation and apoptosis. Tumors in mice treated with gastrin siRNA were smaller than controls.
conclusionsThese results suggest that RNAi targeting of gastrin could serve as an effective treatment for pancreatic cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.