ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2009
Free-living protozoa in two unchlorinated drinking water supplies, identified by phylogenic analysis of 18S rRNA gene sequences.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Protozoan Communities and Their Contribution to Predation onEnvironmental science & technology · 2025Article
- Unraveling the interplay between unicellular parasites and bacterial biofilms: Implications for disease persistence and antibiotic resistance.Virulence · 2024Review
- Article
- Diversity of Free-Living Amoebae in New Zealand Groundwater and Their Ability to Feed onPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- Limited presence ofNew microbes and new infections · 2020Article
- Active eukaryotes in drinking water distribution systems of ground and surface waterworks.Microbiome · 2019Article
- Vermamoeba vermiformis as etiological agent of a painful ulcer close to the eye.Parasitology research · 2019Article
- Primary ColonizingApplied and environmental microbiology · 2018Article
- Impact of hydrologic boundaries on microbial planktonic and biofilm communities in shallow terrestrial subsurface environments.FEMS microbiology ecology · 2018Review
- Vermamoeba vermiformis: a Free-Living Amoeba of Interest.Microbial ecology · 2018Review
- Biofilm Composition and Threshold Concentration for Growth of Legionella pneumophila on Surfaces Exposed to Flowing Warm Tap Water without Disinfectant.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2017Article
- Multiplication of Legionella pneumophila Sequence Types 1, 47, and 62 in Buffered Yeast Extract Broth and Biofilms Exposed to Flowing Tap Water at Temperatures of 38°C to 42°C.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2016Article
- Identification ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2016Article
- Effect of chlorine and temperature on free-living protozoa in operational man-made water systems (cooling towers and hot sanitary water systems) in Catalonia.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2015Article
- Pyrosequence analysis of the hsp65 genes of nontuberculous mycobacterium communities in unchlorinated drinking water in the Netherlands.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2013Article
- Eukaryotic diversity in premise drinking water using 18S rDNA sequencing: implications for health risks.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2013Article
- Isolation and identification of free-living amoebae from tap water in Sivas, Turkey.BioMed research international · 2013Article
- Seasonal diversity of planktonic protists in Southwestern Alberta rivers over a 1-year period as revealed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and 18S rRNA gene library analyses.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Free-living protozoan communities in water supplies may include hosts for Legionella pneumophila and other undesired bacteria, as well as pathogens. This study aimed at identifying free-living protozoa in two unchlorinated groundwater supplies, using cultivation-independent molecular approaches. For this purpose, samples (<20 degrees C) of treated water, distributed water, and distribution system biofilms were collected from supply A, with a low concentration of natural organic matter (NOM) (<0.5 ppm of C), and from supply B, with a high NOM concentration (7.9 ppm of C). Eukaryotic communities were studied using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and clone library analyses of partial 18S rRNA gene fragments and a Hartmannella vermiformis-specific quantitative PCR (qPCR). In both supplies, highly diverse eukaryotic communities were observed, including free-living protozoa, fungi, and metazoa. Sequences of protozoa clustered with Amoebozoa (10 operational taxonomic units [OTUs]), Cercozoa (39 OTUs), Choanozoa (26 OTUs), Ciliophora (29 OTUs), Euglenozoa (13 OTUs), Myzozoa (5 OTUs), and Stramenopiles (5 OTUs). A large variety of protozoa were present in both supplies, but the estimated values for protozoan richness did not differ significantly. H. vermiformis was observed in both supplies but was not a predominant protozoan. One OTU with the highest similarity to Acanthamoeba polyphaga, an opportunistic human pathogen and a host for undesired bacteria, was observed in supply A. The high level of NOM in supply B corresponded with an elevated level of active biomass and with elevated concentrations of H. vermiformis in distributed water. Hence, the application of qPCR may be promising in elucidating the relationship between drinking water quality and the presence of specific protozoa.
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