ArticleVaccine2009
Alpha-C-galactosylceramide as an adjuvant for a live attenuated influenza virus vaccine.
Article in Vaccine, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adjuvant-induced macrophage activation compromises BA71ΔCD2-mediated protection against African swine fever virus.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- α-Galactosylceramide-expanded virtual memory CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Can invariant Natural Killer T cells drive B cell fate? a look at the humoral response.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Review
- A Glycolipid α-GalCer Derivative, 7DW8-5 as a Novel Mucosal Adjuvant for the Split Inactivated Influenza Vaccine.Viruses · 2022Article
- Immunomodulatory potential ofiScience · 2022Article
- Evaluating α-galactosylceramide as an adjuvant for live attenuated influenza vaccines in pigs.Animal diseases · 2022Article
- Ceramide and Related Molecules in Viral Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Intranasal powder live attenuated influenza vaccine is thermostable, immunogenic, and protective against homologous challenge in ferrets.NPJ vaccines · 2021Article
- Invariant natural killer T cells balance B cell immunity.Immunological reviews · 2021Review
- Modulation of Immune Responses to Influenza A Virus Vaccines by Natural Killer T Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- A Glycolipid Adjuvant, 7DW8-5, Enhances the Protective Immune Response to the Current Split Influenza Vaccine in Mice.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Dual Modifications of α-Galactosylceramide Synergize to Promote Activation of Human Invariant Natural Killer T Cells and Stimulate Anti-tumor Immunity.Cell chemical biology · 2018Article
- Innate and adaptive T cells in influenza disease.Frontiers of medicine · 2018Review
- Development of a novel mechanism-based glycolipid adjuvant for vaccination.F1000Research · 2018Review
- The Influence of Invariant Natural Killer T Cells on Humoral Immunity to T-Dependent and -Independent Antigens.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Harnessing Invariant NKT Cells to Improve Influenza Vaccines: A Pig Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
- Review
- Carbohydrates as T-cell antigens with implications in health and disease.Glycobiology · 2016Review
- Glycolipid activators of invariant NKT cells as vaccine adjuvants.Immunogenetics · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
There is a substantial need to develop better influenza virus vaccines that can protect populations that are not adequately protected by the currently licensed vaccines. While live attenuated influenza virus vaccines induce superior immune responses compared to inactivated vaccines, the manufacturing process of both types of influenza virus vaccines is time consuming and may not be adequate during a pandemic. Adjuvants would be particularly useful if they could enhance the immune response to live attenuated influenza virus vaccines so that the amount of vaccine needed for a protective dose could be reduced. The glycolipid, alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer), has recently been shown to have adjuvant activity for both inactivated and replicating recombinant vaccines. The goal of these experiments was to determine whether a derivative of alpha-GalCer, alpha-C-galactosylceramide (alpha-C-GalCer) can enhance the immune response elicited by a live attenuated influenza virus vaccine containing an NS1 protein truncation and reduce the amount of vaccine required to provide protection after challenge. Our results indicated that the adjuvant reduced both morbidity and mortality in BALB/c mice after challenge with wild type influenza virus. The adjuvant also increased the amount of influenza virus specific total IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a antibodies as well as IFN-gamma secreting CD8(+) T cells. By using knockout mice that are not able to generate NKT cells, we were able to demonstrate that the mechanism of adjuvant activity is dependent on NKT cells. Thus, our data indicate that stimulators of NKT cells represent a new avenue of adjuvants to pursue for live attenuated virus vaccines.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.