ArticleVaccine2009
A DNA vaccine targeting the receptor-binding domain of Clostridium difficile toxin A.
Article in Vaccine, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nucleic acid vaccines: innovations, efficacy, and applications in at-risk populations.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Immunization Strategies Against Clostridioides difficile.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Review
- Major pathogenicIranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2022Review
- Host Immune Responses toFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Article
- Designed Ankyrin Repeat Protein (DARPin) Neutralizers of TcdB from Clostridium difficile Ribotype 027.mSphere · 2019Article
- The role of toxins in Clostridium difficile infection.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2017Review
- A Review of Experimental and Off-Label Therapies for Clostridium difficile Infection.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2017Review
- A DNA vaccine targeting TcdA and TcdB induces protective immunity against Clostridium difficile.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Article
- Intravenous adenovirus expressing a multi-specific, single-domain antibody neutralizing TcdA and TcdB protects mice from Clostridium difficile infection.Pathogens and disease · 2016Article
- A Tetraspecific VHH-Based Neutralizing Antibody Modifies Disease Outcome in Three Animal Models of Clostridium difficile Infection.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2016Article
- Recombinant lipoprotein-based vaccine candidates against C. difficile infections.Journal of biomedical science · 2015Article
- Molecular and immunological characterization of a DNA-launched yellow fever virus 17D infectious clone.The Journal of general virology · 2015Article
- The roles of host and pathogen factors and the innate immune response in the pathogenesis of Clostridium difficile infection.Molecular immunology · 2015Review
- Biochemical and Immunological Characterization of Truncated Fragments of the Receptor-Binding Domains of C. difficile Toxin A.PloS one · 2015Article
- Development of Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (PACT) for Clostridium difficile.PloS one · 2015Article
- A chimeric protein comprising the glucosyltransferase and cysteine proteinase domains of toxin B and the receptor binding domain of toxin A induces protective immunity against Clostridium difficile infection in mice and hamsters.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2015Article
- Article
- An optimized, synthetic DNA vaccine encoding the toxin A and toxin B receptor binding domains of Clostridium difficile induces protective antibody responses in vivo.Infection and immunity · 2014Article
- Antibodies for treatment of Clostridium difficile infection.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Clostridium difficile is a pathogen with increasing severity for which host antibody responses provide protection from disease. DNA vaccination has several advantages compared to traditional vaccine methods, however no study has examined this platform against C. difficile toxins. A synthetic gene was created encoding the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of C. difficile toxin A, optimized for expression in human cells. Gene expression was examined in vitro. Mice were inoculated and then challenged with parenteral toxin A. Vaccination provided high titer antibodies and protected mice from death. This represents the first report of DNA vaccine inducing neutralizing antibodies to C. difficile toxin A.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.