ArticlePLoS pathogens2009
The urokinase receptor (uPAR) facilitates clearance of Borrelia burgdorferi.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cutaneous Lyme borreliosis: Guideline of the German Dermatology Society.German medical science : GMS e-journal · 2025Guideline
- Cutaneous Lyme borreliosis: Guideline of the German Dermatology Society.German medical science : GMS e-journal · 2017Guideline
- Review
- Endogenous and Borrowed Proteolytic Activity in theMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2021Review
- Article
- Recent Progress in Lyme Disease and Remaining Challenges.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- A combined transcriptomic approach to identify candidates for an anti-tick vaccine blocking B. afzelii transmission.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Article
- TLR4 Response to LPS Is Reinforced by Urokinase Receptor.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Regulation of macrophage activity by surface receptors contained within Borrelia burgdorferi-enriched phagosomal fractions.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
- The role of Mannose Binding Lectin in the immune response against Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Blood treatment of Lyme borreliae demonstrates the mechanism of CspZ-mediated complement evasion to promote systemic infection in vertebrate hosts.Cellular microbiology · 2019Article
- A multi-omic analysis reveals the regulatory role of CD180 during the response of macrophages to Borrelia burgdorferi.Emerging microbes & infections · 2018Article
- Characterization of Stress and Innate Immunity Resistance of Wild-Type and ΔInfection and immunity · 2018Article
- Review
- Organization, evolution and functions of the human and mouse Ly6/uPAR family genes.Human genomics · 2016Review
- SLURP-1 modulates corneal homeostasis by serving as a soluble scavenger of urokinase-type plasminogen activator.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2014Article
- High molecular weight kininogen binds phosphatidylserine and opsonizes urokinase plasminogen activator receptor-mediated efferocytosis.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Article
- Phagosomal TLR signaling upon Borrelia burgdorferi infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2014Review
- The HtrA protease of Borrelia burgdorferi degrades outer membrane protein BmpD and chemotaxis phosphatase CheX.Molecular microbiology · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The causative agent of Lyme borreliosis, the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, has been shown to induce expression of the urokinase receptor (uPAR); however, the role of uPAR in the immune response against Borrelia has never been investigated. uPAR not only acts as a proteinase receptor, but can also, dependently or independently of ligation to uPA, directly affect leukocyte function. We here demonstrate that uPAR is upregulated on murine and human leukocytes upon exposure to B. burgdorferi both in vitro as well as in vivo. Notably, B. burgdorferi-inoculated C57BL/6 uPAR knock-out mice harbored significantly higher Borrelia numbers compared to WT controls. This was associated with impaired phagocytotic capacity of B. burgdorferi by uPAR knock-out leukocytes in vitro. B. burgdorferi numbers in vivo, and phagocytotic capacity in vitro, were unaltered in uPA, tPA (low fibrinolytic activity) and PAI-1 (high fibrinolytic activity) knock-out mice compared to WT controls. Strikingly, in uPAR knock-out mice partially backcrossed to a B. burgdorferi susceptible C3H/HeN background, higher B. burgdorferi numbers were associated with more severe carditis and increased local TLR2 and IL-1beta mRNA expression. In conclusion, in B. burgdorferi infection, uPAR is required for phagocytosis and adequate eradication of the spirochete from the heart by a mechanism that is independent of binding of uPAR to uPA or its role in the fibrinolytic system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.