ReviewCancer science2009
Humanized immunotoxins: a new generation of immunotoxins for targeted cancer therapy.
Review in Cancer science, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 144 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Role of Proteins in Oncology: Advances in Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Targeted Therapy-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Do Bacteria Provide an Alternative to Cancer Treatment and What Role Does Lactic Acid Bacteria Play?Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Design of two immunotoxins based rovalpituzumab antibody against DLL3 receptor; a promising potential opportunity.Research in pharmaceutical sciences · 2022Article
- Strategies to mitigate the on- and off-target toxicities of recombinant immunotoxins: an antibody engineering perspective.Antibody therapeutics · 2022Review
- Antibody-Based Immunotoxins for Colorectal Cancer Therapy.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Recombinant immunotoxins development for HER2-based targeted cancer therapies.Cancer cell international · 2021Review
- Soluble Cytoplasmic Expression and Purification of Immunotoxin HER2(scFv)-PE24B as a Maltose Binding Protein Fusion.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Advances in epidermal growth factor receptor specific immunotherapy: lessons to be learned from armed antibodies.Oncotarget · 2020Review
- Article
- Two Simple Methods for Optimizing the Production of "Difficult-to-Express" GnRH-DFF40 Chimeric Protein.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2019Article
- Article
- Response of Cellular Innate Immunity to Cnidarian Pore-Forming Toxins.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Review
- Human Granzyme B Based Targeted Cytolytic Fusion Proteins.Biomedicines · 2018Review
- Updates in the Development of ImmunoRNases for the Selective Killing of Tumor Cells.Biomedicines · 2018Review
- Principles of Immunotherapy: Implications for Treatment Strategies in Cancer and Infectious Diseases.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- Review
- CD64: An Attractive Immunotherapeutic Target for M1-type Macrophage Mediated Chronic Inflammatory Diseases.Biomedicines · 2017Review
- Targeting of Tumor Neovasculature with GrB/VEGFBiomedicines · 2017Review
- Immunotoxin Therapy for Lung Cancer.Chinese medical journal · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery are the conventional treatment modalities for cancer. The success achieved with these approaches has been limited due to several factors like chemoresistance to drugs, non-specificity leading to peripheral toxicity, and non-resectable tumors. To combat these problems, the concept of targeted therapy using immunotoxins was developed. Immunotoxins are chimeric proteins with a cell-selective ligand chemically linked or genetically fused to a toxin moiety and can target cancer cells overexpressing tumor-associated antigens, membrane receptors, or carbohydrate antigens. Ligands for these receptors or monoclonal antibodies or single chain variable fragments directed against these antigens are fused with bacterial or plant toxins and are made use of as immunotoxins. Pseudomonas exotoxin, anthrax toxin, and diphtheria toxin are the commonly used bacterial toxins. Ricin, saporin, gelonin, and poke weed antiviral protein are the plant toxins utilized in immunotoxin constructs. Several such fusion proteins are in clinical trials, and denileukin difitox is a FDA-approved fusion protein. In spite of the promise shown by bacterial- and plant toxin-based chimeric proteins, their clinical application is hampered by several factors like immunogenicity of the toxin moiety and non-specific toxicity leading to vascular leak syndrome. In order to overcome these problems, a novel generation of immunotoxins in which the cytotoxic moiety is an endogenous protein of human origin like proapoptotic protein or RNase has been developed. This review summarizes the advances in this new class of fusion protein and the future directions to be explored.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.