ArticleInternational urogynecology journal and pelvic floor dysfunction2009
Natural progression of anal incontinence after childbirth.
Article in International urogynecology journal and pelvic floor dysfunction, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Caesarean section and anal incontinence in women after obstetric anal sphincter injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025Pooled it
- Obstetric risk factors for anorectal dysfunction after delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International urogynecology journal · 2021Pooled it
- A systematic review of non-invasive modalities used to identify women with anal incontinence symptoms after childbirth.International urogynecology journal · 2019Pooled it
- Impact of subsequent birth and delivery mode for women with previous OASIS: systematic review and meta-analysis.International urogynecology journal · 2017Pooled it
- Guidelines for the management of third and fourth degree perineal tears after vaginal birth from the Austrian Urogynecology Working Group.International urogynecology journal · 2013Guideline
- Long-Term Results after Early Secondary Repair of Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury: A Case Series and Literature Review.International urogynecology journal · 2025Review
- Management of Third and Fourth-Degree Perineal Tears After Vaginal Birth. Guideline of the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG (S2k-Level, AWMF Registry No. 015/079, December 2020).Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde · 2023Article
- Birthweight difference between deliveries and the risk of obstetric anal sphincter injury in parous women.International urogynecology journal · 2022Article
- Anal incontinence after a prolonged second stage of labor in primiparous women.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Obstetric anal sphincter injury following previous vaginal delivery.International urogynecology journal · 2021Article
- Prediction model for obstetric anal sphincter injury using machine learning.International urogynecology journal · 2021Article
- Trajectories of Pelvic Floor Symptoms and Support After Vaginal Delivery in Primiparous Women Between Third Trimester and 1 Year Postpartum.Female pelvic medicine & reconstructive surgery · 2021Article
- The association between vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery and anal sphincter injury.International urogynecology journal · 2021Article
- Association Between Measures of Trunk Recovery 5 to 10 Weeks Postpartum and Pelvic Floor Support and Symptoms 1 Year Postpartum in Primiparas Delivered Vaginally.Female pelvic medicine & reconstructive surgery · 2021Article
- Early postpartum physical activity and pelvic floor support and symptoms 1 year postpartum.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2021Article
- Validation of the Wexner scale in a Hebrew-speaking population.International urogynecology journal · 2020Article
- Postpartum anal incontinence in women with and without obstetric anal sphincter injuries.International urogynecology journal · 2020Article
- Sonographic fetal head circumference and the risk of obstetric anal sphincter injury following vaginal delivery.International urogynecology journal · 2020Article
- Does birthweight have a role in the effect of episiotomy on anal sphincter injury?Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2020Article
- Choice of mode of delivery in a subsequent pregnancy after OASI: a survey among Dutch gynecologists.International urogynecology journal · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introduction and hypothesisThe aim of work is to study the natural progression of anal incontinence (AI) in women 10 years after their first delivery and to identify risk factors associated with persistent AI.
methodsA prospective cohort study of 304 primiparous women with singleton, cephalic delivery giving vaginal childbirth in 1995. Questionnaires distributed and collected at delivery, 9 months, 5 years and 10 years after, assessing anorectal symptoms, subsequent treatment, and obstetrical events.
resultsWomen, 246 of 304, answered all questionnaires (81%). Thirty-five of 246 (14%) had a sphincter tear at the first delivery. One hundred ninety-six of 246 (80%) women had additional vaginal deliveries and no caesarean sections. The prevalence of AI at 10 years after the first delivery was 57% in women with a sphincter tear and 28% in women, a nonsignificant increase compared to the 5-year follow-up. Women who sustained a sphincter tear at the first delivery had an increased risk of severe AI (RR 3.9, 95% CI 1.3-11.8). Neither age, nor subsequent deliveries added to the risk. Severe AI at baseline and 5 years after delivery were independently strong predictors of severe AI at 10 years (RR 12.6, CI 3.3-48.3, and RR 8.3, CI 3.9-17.8, respectively).
conclusionPersistent anal incontinence 10 years after the first parturition is frequent and sometimes severe, especially if vaginal delivery was complicated by an anal sphincter disruption.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.