ArticleRetrovirology2009
Tracing the HIV-1 subtype B mobility in Europe: a phylogeographic approach.
Article in Retrovirology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Viruses that cross borders: factors responsible for global dissemination of viral infections.Intervirology · 2011Pooled it
- Patterns and characteristics of hepatitis C transmission clusters among HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals in the Australian trial in acute hepatitis C.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2011Trial
- Viral linkage in HIV-1 seroconverters and their partners in an HIV-1 prevention clinical trial.PloS one · 2011Trial
- Phylogenetics and molecular evolution to understand and curb the HIV pandemic.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 infection in immigrant population in northern Italy.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Article
- The Impact of Human Mobility on Regional and Global Efforts to Control HIV Transmission.Viruses · 2020Article
- The Changing Epidemiological Profile of HIV-1 Subtype B Epidemic in Ukraine.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2019Article
- Earlier Initiation of Antiretroviral Treatment Coincides With an Initial Control of the HIV-1 Sub-Subtype F1 Outbreak Among Men-Having-Sex-With-Men in Flanders, Belgium.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Genetic divergence of HIV-1 B subtype in Italy over the years 2003-2016 and impact on CTL escape prevalence.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Phylogenetic approach to recover integration dates of latent HIV sequences within-host.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- Molecular investigation of HIV-1 cross-group transmissions during an outbreak among people who inject drugs (2011-2014) in Athens, Greece.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Molecular Epidemiology of the HIV Epidemic in Three German Metropolitan Regions - Cologne/Bonn, Munich and Hannover, 1999-2016.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- What Proportion of HIV-Infected Foreign-Born Individuals in the United States Have Been Infected After Immigrating to the United States?Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Article
- Evolutionary history and spatiotemporal dynamics of the HIV-1 subtype B epidemic in Guatemala.PloS one · 2018Article
- The HIV-1 Subtype B Epidemic in French Guiana and Suriname Is Driven by Ongoing Transmissions of Pandemic and Non-pandemic Lineages.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- Molecular and epidemiological characterization of HIV-1 subtypes among Libyan patients.BMC research notes · 2017Article
- Article
- Expanding HIV-1 subtype B transmission networks among men who have sex with men in Poland.PloS one · 2017Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
49 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe prevalence and the origin of HIV-1 subtype B, the most prevalent circulating clade among the long-term residents in Europe, have been studied extensively. However the spatial diffusion of the epidemic from the perspective of the virus has not previously been traced.
resultsIn the current study we inferred the migration history of HIV-1 subtype B by way of a phylogeography of viral sequences sampled from 16 European countries and Israel. Migration events were inferred from viral phylogenies by character reconstruction using parsimony. With regard to the spatial dispersal of the HIV subtype B sequences across viral phylogenies, in most of the countries in Europe the epidemic was introduced by multiple sources and subsequently spread within local networks. Poland provides an exception where most of the infections were the result of a single point introduction. According to the significant migratory pathways, we show that there are considerable differences across Europe. Specifically, Greece, Portugal, Serbia and Spain, provide sources shedding HIV-1; Austria, Belgium and Luxembourg, on the other hand, are migratory targets, while for Denmark, Germany, Italy, Israel, Norway, the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland and the UK we inferred significant bidirectional migration. For Poland no significant migratory pathways were inferred.
conclusionSubtype B phylogeographies provide a new insight about the geographical distribution of viral lineages, as well as the significant pathways of virus dispersal across Europe, suggesting that intervention strategies should also address tourists, travellers and migrants.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.