ArticleBMC medical genomics2009
Gene expression in the prefrontal cortex during adolescence: implications for the onset of schizophrenia.
Article in BMC medical genomics, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 113 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transcriptomic Evidence for Alterations in Astrocytes and Parvalbumin Interneurons in Subjects With Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia.Biological psychiatry · 2018Pooled it
- Repurposing medications to prevent psychosis.Npj mental health research · 2025Review
- Variation of Myelin-associated Gene Expression andbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Adolescent maturation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex glutamate:GABA and cognitive function is supported by dopamine-related neurobiology.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Sex-specific interactions between stress axis and redox balance are associated with internalizing symptoms and brain white matter microstructure in adolescents.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Transcriptomic analysis reveals mitochondrial pathways associated with distinct adolescent behavioral phenotypes and stress response.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
- Neurodevelopmental trajectories, polygenic risk, and lipometabolism in vulnerability and resilience to schizophrenia.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Transcriptomic analyses of patient peripheral blood with hemoglobin depletion reveal glioblastoma biomarkers.NPJ genomic medicine · 2023Article
- Striatal correlates of Bayesian beliefs in self-efficacy in adolescents and their relation to mood and autonomy: a pilot study.Cerebral cortex communications · 2023Article
- Development of frontal GABA and glutamate supports excitation/inhibition balance from adolescence into adulthood.Progress in neurobiology · 2022Article
- STAT3 is a biologically relevant therapeutic target in H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma.Neuro-oncology · 2022Article
- MicroRNAs in the Onset of Schizophrenia.Cells · 2021Review
- Targeting NADMolecular cancer research : MCR · 2020Article
- Celastrol-induced degradation of FANCD2 sensitizes pediatric high-grade gliomas to the DNA-crosslinking agent carboplatin.EBioMedicine · 2019Article
- Novel Complex Interactions between Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder.Molecular neuropsychiatry · 2019Review
- The Protracted Maturation of Associative Layer IIIC Pyramidal Neurons in the Human Prefrontal Cortex During Childhood: A Major Role in Cognitive Development and Selective Alteration in Autism.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2019Article
- Identification of CD24 as a marker of Patched1 deleted medulloblastoma-initiating neural progenitor cells.PloS one · 2019Article
- Temporal proteomic profiling of postnatal human cortical development.Translational psychiatry · 2018Article
- Prefrontal cortical trkB, glucocorticoids, and their interactions in stress and developmental contexts.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2018Review
- Transcriptional co-expression regulatory network analysis for Snail and Slug identifiesOncotarget · 2018Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMany critical maturational processes take place in the human brain during postnatal development. In particular, the prefrontal cortex does not reach maturation until late adolescence and this stage is associated with substantial white matter volume increases. Patients with schizophrenia and other major psychiatric disorders tend to first present with overt symptoms during late adolescence/early adulthood and it has been proposed that this developmental stage represents a "window of vulnerability".
methodsIn this study we used whole genome microarrays to measure gene expression in post mortem prefrontal cortex tissue from human individuals ranging in age from 0 to 49 years. To identify genes specifically altered in the late adolescent period, we applied a template matching procedure. Genes were identified which showed a significant correlation to a template showing a peak of expression between ages 15 and 25.
resultsApproximately 2000 genes displayed an expression pattern that was significantly correlated (positively or negatively) with the template. In the majority of cases, these genes in fact reached a plateau during adolescence with only subtle changes thereafter. These include a number of genes previously associated with schizophrenia including the susceptibility gene neuregulin 1 (NRG1). Functional profiling revealed peak expression in late adolescence for genes associated with energy metabolism and protein and lipid synthesis, together with decreases for genes involved in glutamate and neuropeptide signalling and neuronal development/plasticity. Strikingly, eight myelin-related genes previously found decreased in schizophrenia brain tissue showed a peak in their expression levels in late adolescence, while the single myelin gene reported increased in patients with schizophrenia was decreased in late adolescence.
conclusionThe observed changes imply that molecular mechanisms critical for adolescent brain development are disturbed in schizophrenia patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.