ArticleDiabetologia2009
No association of multiple type 2 diabetes loci with type 1 diabetes.
Article in Diabetologia, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in African Americans provides insights into the genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes.PLoS genetics · 2014Pooled it
- Clinical signs of type 1 diabetes are associated with type 2 diabetes marker transcription factor 7-like 2 polymorphism.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2023Article
- Article
- Autoantibodies to Zinc Transporter 8 andJournal of diabetes research · 2022Article
- Hepatopathy Associated With Type 1 Diabetes: Distinguishing Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease From Glycogenic Hepatopathy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- New Insights into the Genetics of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults.Current diabetes reports · 2020Review
- Article
- Childhood adiposity and risk of type 1 diabetes: A Mendelian randomization study.PLoS medicine · 2017Article
- Importance of Zinc Transporter 8 Autoantibody in the Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes in Latin Americans.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Article
- Islet biology, the CDKN2A/B locus and type 2 diabetes risk.Diabetologia · 2016Review
- Monogenic Diabetes: What It Teaches Us on the Common Forms of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes.Endocrine reviews · 2016Review
- Association between diabetes and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Sweden.European journal of neurology · 2015Article
- Review
- KCNJ11: Genetic Polymorphisms and Risk of Diabetes Mellitus.Journal of diabetes research · 2015Review
- Structural Properties of Gene Promoters Highlight More than Two Phenotypes of Diabetes.PloS one · 2015Article
- Type 2 diabetes susceptibility gene variants predispose to adult-onset autoimmune diabetes.Diabetologia · 2014Article
- Genetic insights into cardiometabolic risk factors.The Clinical biochemist. Reviews · 2014Review
- Overlap of genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.Current diabetes reports · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aims/hypothesisWe used recently confirmed type 2 diabetes gene regions to investigate the genetic relationship between type 1 and type 2 diabetes, in an average of 7,606 type 1 diabetic individuals and 8,218 controls, providing >80% power to detect effects as small as an OR of 1.11 at a false-positive rate of 0.003.
methodsThe single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the most convincing evidence of association in 12 type 2 diabetes-associated gene regions, PPARG, CDKAL1, HNF1B, WFS1, SLC30A8, CDKN2A-CDKN2B, IGF2BP2, KCNJ11, TCF7L2, FTO, HHEX-IDE and THADA, were analysed in type 1 diabetes cases and controls. PPARG and HHEX-IDE were additionally tested for association in 3,851 type 1 diabetes families. Tests for interaction with HLA class II genotypes, autoantibody status, sex, and age-at-diagnosis of type 1 diabetes were performed with all 12 gene regions.
resultsOnly PPARG and HHEX-IDE showed any evidence of association with type 1 diabetes cases and controls (p = 0.004 and p = 0.003, respectively; p > 0.05 for other SNPs). The potential association of PPARG was supported by family analyses (p = 0.003; p (combined) = 1.0 x 10(-4)). No SNPs showed evidence of interaction with any covariate (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationWe found no convincing genetic link between type 1 and type 2 diabetes. An association of PPARG (rs1801282/Pro12Ala) could be consistent with its known function in inflammation. Hence, our results reinforce evidence suggesting that type 1 diabetes is a disease of the immune system, rather than being due to inherited defects in beta cell function or regeneration or insulin resistance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.