ArticleThe Plant cell2009
Association genetics reveals three novel avirulence genes from the rice blast fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae.
Article in The Plant cell, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 191 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
191 citing papers in PubMed, 454 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pathogenicity Analysis and Molecular Characterization of ThreeMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Genetic identification of Pid3-1 and its regulatory role in promoting blast resistance in rice.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Characterization of the Effector Candidate Repertoire in the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal FungusJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Transposable elements create distinct genomic niches for effector evolution among Magnaporthe oryzae lineages.BMC biology · 2025Article
- A century of advances in molecular genetics and breeding for sustainable resistance to rice blast disease.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2025Review
- The Geographic Distribution and Natural Variation of the Rice Blast Fungus Avirulence GenePlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Status on Genetic Resistance to Rice Blast Disease in the Post-Genomic Era.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Computational studies reveal structural characterization and novel families of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici effectors.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Resistance Spectrum Analysis and Breeding Utilization of Rice Blast Resistance GenePlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Directed Evolution of a Plant Immune Receptor for Broad Spectrum Effector Recognition.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Protein kinase Pi65 regulates rice blast resistance through phosphorylation-dependent signaling and metabolic reprogramming.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Molecular breeding approaches for sustainable rice blast management: recent advances and challenges.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Review
- The blast pathogen effector AVR-Pik binds and stabilizes rice heavy metal-associated (HMA) proteins to co-opt their function in immunity.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Exploring the molecular mechanisms of rice blast resistance and advances in breeding for disease tolerance.Molecular biology reports · 2024Review
- Allelic variation in rice blast resistance: a pathway to sustainable disease management.Molecular biology reports · 2024Review
- Effector Pt9226 fromMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Zinc-finger (ZiF) fold secreted effectors form a functionally diverse family across lineages of the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Genome-wide association analysis uncovers rice blast resistance alleles of Ptr and Pia.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Pyricularia oryzae: Lab star and field scourge.Molecular plant pathology · 2024Review
131 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To subvert rice (Oryza sativa) host defenses, the devastating ascomycete fungus pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae produces a battery of effector molecules, including some with avirulence (AVR) activity, which are recognized by host resistance (R) proteins resulting in rapid and effective activation of innate immunity. To isolate novel avirulence genes from M. oryzae, we examined DNA polymorphisms of secreted protein genes predicted from the genome sequence of isolate 70-15 and looked for an association with AVR activity. This large-scale study found significantly more presence/absence polymorphisms than nucleotide polymorphisms among 1032 putative secreted protein genes. Nucleotide diversity of M. oryzae among 46 isolates of a worldwide collection was extremely low (theta=8.2x10(-5)), suggestive of recent pathogen dispersal. However, no association between DNA polymorphism and AVR was identified. Therefore, we used genome resequencing of Ina168, an M. oryzae isolate that contains nine AVR genes. Remarkably, a total of 1.68 Mb regions, comprising 316 candidate effector genes, were present in Ina168 but absent in the assembled sequence of isolate 70-15. Association analyses of these 316 genes revealed three novel AVR genes, AVR-Pia, AVR-Pii, and AVR-Pik/km/kp, corresponding to five previously known AVR genes, whose products are recognized inside rice cells possessing the cognate R genes. AVR-Pia and AVR-Pii have evolved by gene gain/loss processes, whereas AVR-Pik/km/kp has evolved by nucleotide substitutions and gene gain/loss.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.