ArticleJournal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry2009
Use of antidepressants and the risk of Parkinson's disease: a prospective study.
Article in Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Case Definitions and Data Sources for NNCSS Parkinson Disease Surveillance: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2026Pooled it
- Association between Anemia and Risk of Parkinson Disease.Behavioural neurology · 2021Pooled it
- Targeting impulsivity in Parkinson's disease using atomoxetine.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2014Trial
- Antidepressant use and Parkinson's disease risk: Overall protective effect with drug-specific variation.General psychiatry · 2026Article
- Exploring the association between antidepressants, progression and mortality in Huntington's disease.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Prescribing cascades potentially associated with harms before and after transition to long-term care facilities.Age and ageing · 2026Article
- A unifying theory of brain signaling and its possible role in acquired chronic disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Depressive Symptoms in People with Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Prodromal Parkinson's disease and subsequent risk of Parkinson's disease and mortality.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
- Modeling and validation in Parkinson's disease patients with frailty.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- The effect of serotonin reuptake and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors on motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease: A PPMI-based matched-subject study.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2024Article
- Metabolic profiling reveals circulating biomarkers associated with incident and prevalent Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2024Article
- Investigating the potential effects of α-synuclein aggregation on susceptibility to chronic stress in a mouse Parkinson's disease model.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2023Article
- Prevalence and causative drugs of drug-induced Parkinsonism in pediatric patients.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2023Article
- Screening and Targeting Risk Factors for Prodromal Synucleinopathy: Taking Steps toward a Prescriptive Multi-modal Framework.Aging and disease · 2023Review
- Use of antipsychotics and long-term risk of parkinsonism.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Article
- Trend of recognizing depression symptoms and antidepressants use in newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease: Population-based study.Brain and behavior · 2021Article
- Article
- The effect of monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors on the alleviation of depressive symptoms in Parkinson's disease: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Management of psychiatric disorders in Parkinson's disease : Neurotherapeutics - Movement Disorders Therapeutics.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIndividuals with depression have a higher risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) but the timing of the association is unknown. Therefore, the relationship between initiation of antidepressant therapy and PD risk was assessed in a large population based database from the UK and the timing of this association was explored.
methodsA case control study nested in the General Practice Research Database cohort, a large computerised database with clinical information from more than 3 million individuals in the UK, was conducted. Cases of PD were identified from the computer records from 1995 to 2001 and matched with up to 10 controls by age, sex and practice. Use of antidepressants was obtained from the computer records.
results999 PD cases and 6261 controls were included. The rate ratio (RR) and 95% CI of PD in initiators of antidepressant therapy compared with non-initiators was 1.85 (1.25 to 2.75). The association was stronger during the first 2 years after initiation of medication use (RR 2.19; 95% CI 1.38 to 3.46) than later (RR 1.23; 95% CI 0.57 to 2.67). Results were similar for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants separately.
conclusionInitiation of any antidepressant therapy was associated with a higher risk of PD in the 2 years after the start of treatment, which suggests that depressive symptoms could be an early manifestation of PD, preceding motor dysfunction.
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