Trial reportInternational journal of cancer2009
Dietary and stored iron as predictors of breast cancer risk: A nested case-control study in Shanghai.
Trial report in International journal of cancer, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Iron intake, body iron status, and risk of breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cancer · 2019Pooled it
- Biomarkers of dietary exposure are associated with lower risk of breast fibroadenomas in Chinese women.The Journal of nutrition · 2010Trial
- Portable Cell Tracking Velocimetry for Quantification of Intracellular Fe Concentration of Blood Cells.Micromachines · 2025Article
- Dietary patterns associated with benign breast nodules by subtypes: a cross-sectional study in southeast China.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Dietary Trace Element Intake and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Mini Review.Biological trace element research · 2022Review
- Iron intake with the risk of breast cancer among Chinese women: a case-control study.Public health nutrition · 2021Article
- Pre-Clinical Insights into the Iron and Breast Cancer Hypothesis.Biomedicines · 2021Article
- Targeting ferroptosis in breast cancer.Biomarker research · 2020Review
- Dietary Micronutrients Intake Status among Chinese Elderly People Living at Home: Data from CNNHS 2010-2012.Nutrients · 2019Article
- ASSESSMENT OF ANIMAL MODELS AS SURROGATES FOR HUMAN TUMORS FROM THREE DIFFERENT ORGANS.Biomedical sciences instrumentation · 2018Article
- High-Dose Deferoxamine Treatment Disrupts Intracellular Iron Homeostasis, Reduces Growth, and Induces Apoptosis in Metastatic and Nonmetastatic Breast Cancer Cell Lines.Technology in cancer research & treatment · 2018Article
- Comparison of hematological parameters, iron levels, and oxidative stress in women with and without breast cancer: A case- control study.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2017Article
- Methodological problems with population cancer studies: The forgotten confounding factors.Surgical neurology international · 2015Article
- Premenopausal plasma ferritin levels, HFE polymorphisms, and risk of breast cancer in the nurses' health study II.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2014Article
- Serum total oxidant/antioxidant status and trace element levels in breast cancer patients.International journal of clinical oncology · 2012Article
- Oh the irony: Iron as a cancer cause or cure?Biomaterials · 2011Article
- Significance of differential metal loads in normal versus cancerous cadaver tissues - biomed 2010.Biomedical sciences instrumentation · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Increases in risk of breast cancer in successive generations of migrants to the United States from China and rapid temporal changes in incidence rates in China following social and economic changes clearly implicate environmental factors in the etiology of this disease. Case-control and cohort studies have provided evidence that at least some of these factors may be dietary. Iron, an essential element necessary for cell function, has also been demonstrated to have potential carcinogenic and co-carcinogenic activities. Iron overload, which was previously uncommon, has become more common in the United States than iron deficiency and may be increasing in China concurrently with dramatic increases in meat consumption. A case-control study nested in a cohort of women in Shanghai, China, was conducted to evaluate possible associations between risk of proliferative and nonproliferative fibrocystic changes as well as breast cancer and dietary iron intake and plasma ferritin levels. Plasma ferritin levels and reported dietary iron intake were compared in 346 women with fibrocystic changes, 248 breast cancer cases and 1,040 controls. Increasing ferritin levels were significantly associated with increasing risk of nonproliferative fibrocystic changes (OR: 2.51, 95% CI: 1.16-5.45, p trend = 0.04). Similar, but weaker, trends were observed for proliferative changes and for breast cancer. Risk of breast cancer relative to the risk of fibrocystic changes was associated with dietary iron intake in women with nonproliferative fibrocystic changes (OR: 2.63, 95% CI: 1.04-6.68, p = 0.02). In conclusion, this study finds significant associations between iron (stored and dietary) and fibrocystic disease and breast cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.