ArticleStroke2009
Recombinant T cell receptor ligand treats experimental stroke.
Article in Stroke, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Method parameters' impact on mortality and variability in mouse stroke experiments: a meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2016Pooled it
- Microbiota, systemic immunity, and extracellular vesicles in stroke: peripheral nodes as therapeutic leverage points.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Immune Cells and Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Causal Investigation Through Mendelian Randomization.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Novel Therapeutic Approaches to Prevent Atherothrombotic Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Carotid Atherosclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Bystanders or not? Microglia and lymphocytes in aging and stroke.Neural regeneration research · 2023Review
- Systemic innate myeloid responses to acute ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke.Seminars in immunopathology · 2023Review
- Molecular Mechanisms of Neuroimmune Crosstalk in the Pathogenesis of Stroke.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- T Cell Response in Ischemic Stroke: From Mechanisms to Translational Insights.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Targeting Brain-spleen Crosstalk After Stroke: New Insights Into Stroke Pathology and Treatment.Current neuropharmacology · 2021Review
- Partial MHC/neuroantigen peptide constructs attenuate methamphetamine-seeking and brain chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 levels in rats.European journal of pharmacology · 2020Article
- The role of the immune system during regeneration of the central nervous system.Journal of immunology and regenerative medicine · 2020Article
- Autoimmunity After Ischemic Stroke and Brain Injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- The splenic response to stroke: from rodents to stroke subjects.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2018Review
- Brain-immune interactions in perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.Progress in neurobiology · 2017Review
- DRα1-MOG-35-55 treatment reduces lesion volumes and improves neurological deficits after traumatic brain injury.Metabolic brain disease · 2017Article
- C-C Chemokine Receptor Type 5 (CCR5)-Mediated Docking of Transferred Tregs Protects Against Early Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption After Stroke.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2017Article
- Partial MHC class II constructs as novel immunomodulatory therapy for stroke.Neurochemistry international · 2017Review
- Upregulation of CD74 and its potential association with disease severity in subjects with ischemic stroke.Neurochemistry international · 2017Article
- DRα1-MOG-35-55 Reduces Permanent Ischemic Brain Injury.Translational stroke research · 2017Article
- How and why do T cells and their derived cytokines affect the injured and healthy brain?Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
background and purposeExperimental stroke induces a biphasic effect on the immune response that involves early activation of peripheral leukocytes followed by severe immunodepression and atrophy of the spleen and thymus. In tandem, the developing infarct is exacerbated by influx of numerous inflammatory cell types, including T and B lymphocytes. These features of stroke prompted our use of recombinant T cell receptor ligands (RTL), partial major histocompatibility complex Class II molecules covalently bound to myelin peptides. We tested the hypothesis that RTL would improve ischemic outcome in the brain without exacerbating defects in the peripheral immune system function.
methodsFour daily doses of RTL were administered subcutaneously to C57BL/6 mice after middle cerebral artery occlusion, and lesion size and cellular composition were assessed in the brain and cell numbers were assessed in the spleen and thymus.
resultsTreatment with RTL551 (I-A(b) molecule linked to MOG-35-55 peptide) reduced cortical and total stroke lesion size by approximately 50%, inhibited the accumulation of inflammatory cells, particularly macrophages/activated microglial cells and dendritic cells, and mitigated splenic atrophy. Treatment with RTL1000 (HLA-DR2 moiety linked to human MOG-35-55 peptide) similarly reduced the stroke lesion size in HLA-DR2 transgenic mice. In contrast, control RTL with a nonneuroantigen peptide or a mismatched major histocompatibility complex Class II moiety had no effect on stroke lesion size.
conclusionsThese data are the first to demonstrate successful treatment of experimental stroke using a neuroantigen-specific immunomodulatory agent administered after ischemia, suggesting therapeutic potential in human stroke.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.