ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2009
Smokeless tobacco use and religiousness.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prevalence and Associated Factors of Tobacco Use Among the Indigenous Population in Peninsular Malaysia.Journal of community health · 2026Article
- Racial Discrimination, Religious Coping, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among African American Women and Men.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- The Influence of Religious Attendance on Smoking Among Black Men.Substance use & misuse · 2017Article
- Religious involvement and tobacco use in mainland China: a preliminary study.BMC public health · 2015Article
- Prevalence of smoking among secondary school male students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: a survey study.BMC public health · 2013Article
- Prevalence of smoking among male secondary school students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Journal of family & community medicine · 2013Article
- Cigarette smoking among female students in five medical and nonmedical colleges.International journal of general medicine · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Although smoking shows a strong negative association with religiousness, no studies have appeared of use of smokeless tobacco (ST) and religiousness. To assess an association of use of ST and religiousness, data from 9,374 men aged 17 years and over with complete data on self-reported frequency of attendance at religious services and use of smokeless tobacco were analyzed. Among men aged 17-29 years, 4.9% of frequent attenders (>or=24 times/y) and 9.4% of others (<24 times/y) were current users of ST (p=0.002). After adjusting for multiple confounders by logistic regression, infrequent attenders were twice as likely as frequent attenders to be ST users: odds ratio 2.09, 95% confidence limits 1.12-3.92, p=0.02. This negative association suggests a protective effect of early-life religiousness on ST use, which might be taken into account in planning ST prevention efforts.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.