ReviewBiology of reproduction2009
Defining postpartum uterine disease and the mechanisms of infection and immunity in the female reproductive tract in cattle.
Review in Biology of reproduction, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 272 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
272 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 946 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of bovine endometritis, virulence mechanisms ofVirulence · 2026Pooled it
- Recent Advances in Camel Immunology.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Pooled it
- Temporal impact of metritis and systemic antibiotics on immune cell function inferred from the blood leukocyte transcriptome.JDS communications · 2026Article
- Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GR-1 Alleviates Escherichia coli-induced Autophagy-dependent Ferroptosis in Bovine Endometrial Epithelial Cells via FOXO1 Signaling.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Development of Mucoadhesive Nanofiber as an Alternate Therapeutic Regimen for Subclinical Endometritis in Cattle.Turkish journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Article
- The Puerperium in the Modern Dairy Cow: A Review.Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene · 2026Review
- Postpartum Uterine Diseases in Dairy Cattle: Integrating Microbiology, Immunology, and Reproductive Physiology.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Intravaginal Probiotics in Transition Dairy Cows: A Randomized Multi-Farm Field Trial on Health and Milk Production.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Serum and Placental Trace Element Levels, Major Uterine Pathogens, and Reproductive Performance in Simmental Cows During the Early Postpartum Period.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Quercetin modulates Chitinase-3-like protein 1 expression and inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated buffalo granulosa cells.Veterinary research communications · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the local tolerance and systemic safety of a novel intravaginal probiotic product in cows.Veterinary research communications · 2026Article
- Whole blood response to lipopolysaccharide depends on both physiological and genetic factors in dairy cattle.Veterinary research · 2026Article
- Bacterial and Fungal Dynamics of the Uterine Microbiota in Postpartum Beef Cows Supplemented with Grape Pomace.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Protective effects of linoleic acid against E. coli lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative and nitrosative toxicity in buffalo luteal cell culture.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- The interactive relationship between Fusobacterium necrophorum, Bacteroides pyogenes, and Porphyromonas levii in driving inflammatory uterine disease.Microbiome · 2026Article
- Commensal Microbiota and Reproductive Health in Livestock: Mechanisms, Cross-System Crosstalk, and Precision Strategies.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Article
- Assessment of reproductive performance in dairy cows using explainable machine learning.Archives animal breeding · 2026Article
- Clinical evaluation of a novel intravaginal probiotic product on uterine health in postpartum dairy cows.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Impact of Postcalving Intrauterine Enzymes Therapy on Uterine Health, Fertility, Biochemical Indices, and Milk Production in Dystocia-Affected Buffaloes.Veterinary medicine international · 2026Article
212 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Uterine microbial disease affects half of all dairy cattle after parturition, causing infertility by disrupting uterine and ovarian function. Infection with Escherichia coli, Arcanobacterium pyogenes, and bovine herpesvirus 4 causes endometrial tissue damage. Toll-like receptors on endometrial cells detect pathogen-associated molecules such as bacterial DNA, lipids, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), leading to secretion of cytokines, chemokines, and antimicrobial peptides. Chemokines attract neutrophils and macrophages to eliminate the bacteria, although persistence of neutrophils is associated with subclinical endometritis and infertility. Cows with uterine infections are less likely to ovulate because they have slower growth of the postpartum dominant follicle in the ovary, lower peripheral plasma estradiol concentrations, and perturbation of hypothalamic and pituitary function. The follicular fluid of animals with endometritis contains LPS, which is detected by the TLR4/CD14/LY96 (MD2) receptor complex on granulosa cells, leading to lower aromatase expression and reduced estradiol secretion. If cows with uterine disease ovulate, the peripheral plasma concentrations of progesterone are lower than those in normal animals. However, luteal phases are often extended in animals with uterine disease, probably because infection switches the endometrial epithelial secretion of prostaglandins from the F series to the E series by a phospholipase A2-mediated mechanism, which would disrupt luteolysis. The regulation of endometrial immunity depends on steroid hormones, somatotrophins, and local regulatory proteins. Advances in knowledge about infection and immunity in the female genital tract should be exploited to develop new therapeutics for uterine disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.