ArticleClinical and experimental immunology2009
Safety and efficacy of treatment using interleukin-2 in a patient with idiopathic CD4(+) lymphopenia and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare.
Article in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tuberculosis in the Context of Idiopathic CD4 Lymphocytopenia: A Case Report and Literature Review.The American journal of case reports · 2026Review
- Severe disseminatedIDCases · 2025Article
- Long-term outcome of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with recombinant interleukin-2 treatment and an associated increase in the number of HPyV-2-specific T-cells: a case report.Therapeutic advances in hematology · 2023Article
- Understanding the Host in the Management of Pneumonia. An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2021Article
- Host-directed therapy to combat mycobacterial infections.Immunological reviews · 2021Review
- Expanding mechanistic insights into the pathogenesis of idiopathic CD4+ T cell lymphocytopenia.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Article
- Idiopathic CD4 Lymphocytopenia: Current Insights.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2020Review
- Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia: Pathogenesis, etiologies, clinical presentations and treatment strategies.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2017Article
- Mycobacterium avium Complex Disease.Microbiology spectrum · 2017Review
- A rare case of idiopathic cluster of differentiation 4(+) T-cell lymphocytopenia presenting with disseminated tubercular infection.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2015Article
- Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia: clinical and immunologic characteristics and follow-up of 40 patients.Medicine · 2014Article
- Idiopathic CD4 Lymphocytopenia: Spectrum of opportunistic infections, malignancies, and autoimmune diseases.Avicenna journal of medicine · 2013Article
- Altered responses to homeostatic cytokines in patients with idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia.PloS one · 2013Article
- [Lymphocytopenia: aetiology and diagnosis, when to think about idiopathic CD4(+) lymphocytopenia?].La Revue de medecine interne · 2012Article
- Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia: a case of missing, wandering or ineffective T cells.Arthritis research & therapy · 2012Review
- Defective T cell chemotaxis to sphingosine 1-phosphate and chemokine CCL21 in idiopathic T lymphocytopenia.Journal of clinical immunology · 2011Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We present the case of a 39-year-old white man with a Myobacterium avium-intracellulare pulmonary infection found to have a CD4(+) count of 172 cells/mm(3) and diagnosed subsequently with idiopathic CD4(+) lymphopenia (ICL). After receiving clathromycin for 4 months with minimal improvement, the patient was started on pegylated subcutaneous interleukin (IL)-2 at 600,000 units daily. Later, he received incrementally higher pegylated IL-2 doses until he reached a maintenance dose 3 months later of 11 million units weekly divided into three equal doses. After 5 months of therapy, the patient's chronic cough resolved completely, sputum cultures became negative for Myobacterium avium-intracellulare and the CD4(+) T cell count increased to 553 cells/mm(3). After 35 months of well-tolerated IL-2 treatments and no recurrence of any opportunistic infections, IL-2 treatment was stopped. CD4(+) counts 6 and 9 months after discontinuing IL-2 treatment were 596 and 378 cells/mm(3) respectively, and he remains asymptomatic. This report supports IL-2 treatment for ICL-associated opportunistic infections as a safe and potentially efficacious treatment option, especially when combined with more traditional treatment regimens.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.