SynthesisVascular health and risk management2009
Vascular calcifications as a marker of increased cardiovascular risk: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Vascular health and risk management, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 218 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
218 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Rat models for arterial calcification associated with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Interventions to Attenuate Cardiovascular Calcification Progression: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Pooled it
- 2018 Guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2019Guideline
- Magnesium supplementation did not reduce serum calciprotein crystallization and arterial stiffness in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Trial
- A Low-Sodium DASH Dietary Pattern Affects Serum Markers of Inflammation and Mineral Metabolism in Adults with Elevated Blood Pressure.The Journal of nutrition · 2021Trial
- Six months vitamin K treatment does not affect systemic arterial calcification or bone mineral density in diabetes mellitus 2.European journal of nutrition · 2021Trial
- Effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on peripheral arterial calcification: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2020Trial
- The effect of menaquinone-7 supplementation on vascular calcification in patients with diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Trial
- Predictive nomogram for abdominal aortic calcification risk: a multi-algorithm approach integrating demographic and clinical variables.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2026Article
- Elastin calcification during the initial stage of vascular calcification in kl/kl mice is suppressed by the calcimimetic upacicalcet.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Emerging biomedical and pharmaceutical strategies for the treatment of atherosclerosis: from conventional lipid-lowering therapy to nanomedicine.Journal of applied biomedicine · 2026Review
- Review of breast arterial calcifications for cardiovascular disease risk prediction.NPJ cardiovascular health · 2026Review
- Adipose-Derived Proinflammatory Visfatin Promotes Vascular Calcification via TLR4 and is Suppressed by Empagliflozin.Inflammation · 2026Article
- Automated opportunistic cardiovascular risk assessment in non-small cell lung cancer patients on routine chest CT using an optimised nnU-net framework.BMC medical imaging · 2026Article
- Vascular Calcification Patterns in the Elderly: Correlation Between Aortic and Iliac Calcification Burden.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Calciprotein crystallization time (TCardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease and Hemodialysis: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Emerging Biomarkers.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Focal Adhesion Kinase Promotes Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via Regulation of Histone Deacetylase 4 and 5.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2025Article
- Reappraising machine learning models for vascular calcification in CKD: methodological concerns and clinical gaps.International urology and nephrology · 2025Article
- The loss of microRNA-26b promotes aortic calcification through the regulation of cell-specific target genes.Cardiovascular research · 2025Article
158 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSeveral imaging techniques may reveal calcification of the arterial wall or cardiac valves. Many studies indicate that the risk for cardiovascular disease is increased when calcification is present. Recent meta-analyses on coronary calcification and cardiovascular risk may be confounded by indication. Therefore, this meta-analysis was performed with extensive subgroup analysis to assess the overall cardiovascular risk of finding calcification in any arterial wall or cardiac valve when using different imaging techniques. METHODS AND
resultsA meta-analysis of prospective studies reporting calcifications and cardiovascular end-points was performed. Thirty articles were selected. The overall odds ratios (95% confidence interval [CI]) for calcifications versus no calcifications in 218,080 subjects after a mean follow-up of 10.1 years amounted to 4.62 (CI 2.24 to 9.53) for all cause mortality, 3.94 (CI 2.39 to 6.50) for cardiovascular mortality, 3.74 (CI 2.56 to 5.45) for coronary events, 2.21 (CI 1.81 to 2.69) for stroke, and 3.41 (CI 2.71 to 4.30) for any cardiovascular event. Heterogeneity was largely explained by length of follow up and sort of imaging technique. Subgroup analysis of patients with end stage renal disease revealed a much higher odds ratio for any event of 6.22 (CI 2.73 to 14.14).
conclusionThe presence of calcification in any arterial wall is associated with a 3-4-fold higher risk for mortality and cardiovascular events. Interpretation of the pooled estimates has to be done with caution because of heterogeneity across studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.