ArticleJournal of experimental botany2009
Cloning and functional characterization of carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4 genes.
Article in Journal of experimental botany, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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92 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 239 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Regulation of apocarotenoids for quality improvement and biofortification of horticultural crops.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Evolutionary adaptation of CCD4 enzymes inFrontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- Effect of rainy-day harvesting on the aroma profile of Wuyi rock tea based on GC-MS and chemical analysis.Food chemistry: X · 2025Article
- Combined enhancement of ascorbic acid, β-carotene and zeaxanthin in gene-edited lettuce.Plant biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase GeneInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Investigation of genes involved in scent and color production in Rosa damascena Mill.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Characterization of YABBY transcription factors in Osmanthus fragrans and functional analysis of OfYABBY12 in floral scent formation and leaf morphology.BMC plant biology · 2024Article
- Effects of cell morphology, physiology, biochemistry andFrontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- Integrative Analysis of Metabolome and Transcriptome Revealed Lutein Metabolism Contributed to Yellow Flower Formation inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Natural overexpression of CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENASE 4 in tomato alters carotenoid flux.Plant physiology · 2023Article
- Characterization ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A cytosolic bifunctional geranyl/farnesyl diphosphate synthase provides MVA-derived GPP for geraniol biosynthesis in rose flowers.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Analysis of apocarotenoid volatiles from lettuce (3 Biotech · 2023Article
- Molecular and physiological mechanisms of tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) leaf and root in response to nitrogen deficiency.BMC genomics · 2023Article
- Comprehensive Transcriptome Profiling Uncovers Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Candidate Genes Associated with Heat Stress Response in Chickpea.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Genetic and Biochemical Aspects of Floral Scents in Roses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although a number of plant carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase (CCD) genes have been functionally characterized in different plant species, little is known about the biochemical role and enzymatic activities of members of the subclass 4 (CCD4). To gain insight into their biological function, CCD4 genes were isolated from apple (Malus x domestica, MdCCD4), chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum x morifolium, CmCCD4a), rose (Rosa x damascena, RdCCD4), and osmanthus (Osmanthus fragrans, OfCCD4), and were expressed, together with AtCCD4, in Escherichia coli. In vivo assays showed that CmCCD4a and MdCCD4 cleaved beta-carotene well to yield beta-ionone, while OfCCD4, RdCCD4, and AtCCD4 were almost inactive towards this substrate. No cleavage products were found for any of the five CCD4 genes when they were co-expressed in E. coli strains that accumulated cis-zeta-carotene and lycopene. In vitro assays, however, demonstrated the breakdown of 8'-apo-beta-caroten-8'-al by AtCCD4 and RdCCD4 to beta-ionone, while this apocarotenal was almost not degraded by OfCCD4, CmCCD4a, and MdCCD4. Sequence analysis of genomic clones of CCD4 genes revealed that RdCCD4, like AtCCD4, contains no intron, while MdCCD, OfCCD4, and CmCCD4a contain introns. These results indicate that plants produce at least two different forms of CCD4 proteins. Although CCD4 enzymes cleave their substrates at the same position (9,10 and 9',10'), they might have different biochemical functions as they accept different (apo)-carotenoid substrates, show various expression patterns, and are genomically differently organized.
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