ArticleCancer research2009
Cyclophosphamide augments antitumor immunity: studies in an autochthonous prostate cancer model.
Article in Cancer research, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers.
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Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 155 citations in OpenAlex.
- Low-dose cyclophosphamide enhances antigen-specific CD4(+) T cell responses to NY-ESO-1/ISCOMATRIX™ vaccine in patients with advanced melanoma.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2015Trial
- Synergistic interactions and optimal sequencing of chemotherapy and immunotherapy in cancer treatment.Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology · 2026Review
- Cancer Immunotherapy in Combination with Radiotherapy and/or Chemotherapy: Mechanisms and Clinical Therapy.MedComm · 2025Review
- The double life of a chemotherapy drug: Immunomodulatory functions of gemcitabine in cancer.Cancer medicine · 2024Review
- Low-dose metronomic cisplatin as an antiangiogenic and anti-inflammatory strategy for cancer.British journal of cancer · 2024Article
- Systematic elucidation and pharmacological targeting of tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cell master regulators.Cancer cell · 2023Article
- Cyclophosphamide augments the efficacy ofFrontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Anti-Gr-1 Antibody Provides Short-Term Depletion of MDSC in Lymphodepleted Mice with Active-Specific Melanoma Therapy.Vaccines · 2022Article
- Application of Noninvasive Imaging to Combined Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Breast Cancer: Facts and Future.Molecular imaging and biology · 2022Review
- Implications of metabolism-driven myeloid dysfunctions in cancer therapy.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2021Review
- Gold Compounds and the Anticancer Immune Response.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Moving on From Sipuleucel-T: New Dendritic Cell Vaccine Strategies for Prostate Cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Analysis and Augmentation of the Immunologic Bystander Effects of CAR T Cell Therapy in a Syngeneic Mouse Cancer Model.Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2020Article
- Potential lung attack and lethality generated by EpCAM-specific CAR-T cells in immunocompetent mouse models.Oncoimmunology · 2020Article
- Modulation of Determinant Factors to Improve Therapeutic Combinations with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Cells · 2020Review
- T-Cell Infiltration and Adaptive Treg Resistance in Response to Androgen Deprivation With or Without Vaccination in Localized Prostate Cancer.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2020Article
- Local injection of CCL19-expressing mesenchymal stem cells augments the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD-L1 antibody by promoting infiltration of immune cells.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2020Article
- Galectin-3 in Prostate Cancer Stem-Like Cells Is Immunosuppressive and Drives Early Metastasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Metronomic chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide plus low dose of corticosteroids in advanced castration-resistant prostate cancer across the era of taxanes and new hormonal drugs.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2019Article
- Review
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
To study the immune response to prostate cancer, we developed an autochthonous animal model based on the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mouse in which spontaneously developing tumors express influenza hemagglutinin as a unique, tumor-associated antigen. Our prior studies in these animals showed immunologic tolerance to hemagglutinin, mirroring the clinical situation in patients with cancer who are generally nonresponsive to their disease. We used this physiologically relevant animal model to assess the immunomodulatory effects of cyclophosphamide when administered in combination with an allogeneic, cell-based granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting cancer immunotherapy. Through adoptive transfer of prostate/prostate cancer-specific CD8 T cells as well as through studies of the endogenous T-cell repertoire, we found that cyclophosphamide induced a marked augmentation of the antitumor immune response. This effect was strongly dependent on both the dose and the timing of cyclophosphamide administration. Mechanistic studies showed that immune augmentation by cyclophosphamide was associated with a transient depletion of regulatory T cells in the tumor draining lymph nodes but not in the peripheral circulation. Interestingly, we also noted effects on dendritic cell phenotype; low-dose cyclophosphamide was associated with increased expression of dendritic cell maturation markers. Taken together, these data clarify the dose, timing, and mechanism of action by which immunomodulatory cyclophosphamide can be translated to a clinical setting in a combinatorial cancer treatment strategy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.