ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2009
Embryonic pig pancreatic tissue for the treatment of diabetes in a nonhuman primate model.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current status of pancreatic islet xenotransplantation.Clinical transplantation and research · 2025Review
- Fetal-to-fetal kidney transplantation in utero.Communications biology · 2025Article
- A bioengineered artificial interstitium supports long-term islet xenograft survival in nonhuman primates without immunosuppression.Science advances · 2024Article
- Clinically available immunosuppression averts rejection but not systemic inflammation after porcine islet xenotransplant in cynomolgus macaques.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2022Article
- Human pluripotent stem-cell-derived islets ameliorate diabetes in non-human primates.Nature medicine · 2022Article
- Generation of vascular chimerism within donor organs.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Corneal xenotransplantation: Where are we standing?Progress in retinal and eye research · 2021Review
- CD4Xenotransplantation · 2020Article
- Pre-clinical results in pig-to-non-human primate islet xenotransplantation using anti-CD40 antibody (2C10R4)-based immunosuppression.Xenotransplantation · 2018Article
- Pig-to-Primate Islet Xenotransplantation: Past, Present, and Future.Cell transplantation · 2017Review
- Advances in islet encapsulation technologies.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2017Review
- The Role of Costimulation Blockade in Solid Organ and Islet Xenotransplantation.Journal of immunology research · 2017Review
- Magnetoencapsulated human islets xenotransplanted into swine: a comparison of different transplantation sites.Xenotransplantation · 2016Article
- Report from IPITA-TTS Opinion Leaders Meeting on the Future of β-Cell Replacement.Transplantation · 2016Article
- Preconditioning allows engraftment of mouse and human embryonic lung cells, enabling lung repair in mice.Nature medicine · 2015Article
- Recent advances in understanding xenotransplantation: implications for the clinic.Expert review of clinical immunology · 2015Article
- Optimal pig donor selection in islet xenotransplantation: current status and future perspectives.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2014Review
- Nonhuman primate models of type 1 diabetes mellitus for islet transplantation.Journal of diabetes research · 2014Review
- The zinc transporter ZnT8 (slc30A8) is expressed exclusively in beta cells in porcine islets.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2013Article
- Bioengineered sites for islet cell transplantation.Current diabetes reports · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Xenotransplantation of pig tissues has great potential to overcome the shortage of organ donors. One approach to address the vigorous immune rejection associated with xenotransplants is the use of embryonic precursor tissue, which induces and utilizes host vasculature upon its growth and development. Recently, we showed in mice that embryonic pig pancreatic tissue from embryonic day 42 (E42) exhibits optimal properties as a beta cell replacement therapy. We now demonstrate the proof of concept in 2 diabetic Cynomolgus monkeys, followed for 393 and 280 days, respectively. A marked reduction of exogenous insulin requirement was noted by the fourth month after transplantation, reaching complete independence from exogenous insulin during the fifth month after transplantation, with full physiological control of blood glucose levels. The porcine origin of insulin was documented by a radioimmunoassay specific for porcine C-peptide. Furthermore, the growing tissue was found to be predominantly vascularized with host blood vessels, thereby evading hyperacute or acute rejection, which could potentially be mediated by preexisting anti-pig antibodies. Durable graft protection was achieved, and most of the late complications could be attributed to the immunosuppressive protocol. While fine tuning of immune suppression, tissue dose, and implantation techniques are still required, our results demonstrate that porcine E-42 embryonic pancreatic tissue can normalize blood glucose levels in primates. Its long-term proliferative capacity, its revascularization by host endothelium, and its reduced immunogenicity, strongly suggest that this approach could offer an attractive replacement therapy for diabetes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.