Trial reportDiabetes care2009
The effect of continuous glucose monitoring in well-controlled type 1 diabetes.
Trial report in Diabetes care, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 161 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
FLAT-SUGAR: FLuctuATion Reduction With inSULin and Glp-1 Added togetheR
A Randomized Clinical Trial to Assess the Efficacy of Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring (RT-CGM) in the Management of Type 1 Diabetes
Mini-Dose Glucagon for Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Mini-dose Glucagon for Treatment of Non-severe Hypoglycemia in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Glucose Differences Between the Left Arm and Right Arm in Diabetic Patients Using a Continuous Glucose Monitor
Blood Glucose Differences Between Left Arm and Right Arm in Patients With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes Using a Continuous Glucose Monitor
Who cites it
161 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 394 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of divergent continuous glucose monitoring technologies on glycaemic control in type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2022Pooled it
- Comparative analysis of the efficacy of continuous glucose monitoring and self-monitoring of blood glucose in type 1 diabetes mellitus.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2012Pooled it
- Continuous glucose monitoring systems for type 1 diabetes mellitus.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2012Pooled it
- Standards of medical care in diabetes--2012.Diabetes care · 2012Guideline
- Glycaemic control in type 1 diabetes during real time continuous glucose monitoring compared with self monitoring of blood glucose: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials using individual patient data.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2011Pooled it
- Efficacy of continuous glucose monitoring in improving glycemic control and reducing hypoglycemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2011Pooled it
- Diabetes: glycaemic control in type 1.BMJ clinical evidence · 2011Pooled it
- Standards of medical care in diabetes--2011.Diabetes care · 2011Guideline
- Standards of medical care in diabetes--2010.Diabetes care · 2010 · on this mapGuideline
- Toward Personalized Decision Support Systems for Type 1 Diabetes: Integrating Psychobehavioral Factors and Glycemic Control.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2025Trial
- Continuous Glucose Monitoring With Geriatric Principles in Older Adults With Type 1 Diabetes and Hypoglycemia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Diabetes care · 2025Trial
- Differences in Glucose Readings Between Right Arm and Left Arm Using a Continuous Glucose Monitor.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2022Trial
- Trial
- The Development of New Composite Metrics for the Comprehensive Analytic and Visual Assessment of Hypoglycemia Using the Hypo-Triad.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2018Trial
- An alternative sensor-based method for glucose monitoring in children and young people with diabetes.Archives of disease in childhood · 2017Trial
- REPLACE-BG: A Randomized Trial Comparing Continuous Glucose Monitoring With and Without Routine Blood Glucose Monitoring in Adults With Well-Controlled Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2017Trial
- Randomized Crossover Comparison of Personalized MPC and PID Control Algorithms for the Artificial Pancreas.Diabetes care · 2016Trial
- Continuous Glucose Monitoring Adherence: Lessons From a Clinical Trial to Predict Outpatient Behavior.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2016Trial
- Design and rationale of the IN CONTROL trial: the effects of real-time continuous glucose monitoring on glycemia and quality of life in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and impaired awareness of hypoglycemia.BMC endocrine disorders · 2015Trial
- Youth and parent measures of self-efficacy for continuous glucose monitoring: survey psychometric properties.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2015Trial
101 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
27 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The potential benefits of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in the management of adults and children with well-controlled type 1 diabetes have not been examined. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 129 adults and children with intensively treated type 1 diabetes (age range 8-69 years) and A1C <7.0% were randomly assigned to either continuous or standard glucose monitoring for 26 weeks. The main study outcomes were time with glucose level < or =70 mg/dl, A1C level, and severe hypoglycemic events. RESULTS At 26 weeks, biochemical hypoglycemia (< or =70 mg/dl) was less frequent in the CGM group than in the control group (median 54 vs. 91 min/day), but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.16). Median time with a glucose level < or =60 mg/dl was 18 versus 35 min/day, respectively (P = 0.05). Time out of range (< or =70 or >180 mg/dl) was significantly lower in the CGM group than in the control group (377 vs. 491 min/day, P = 0.003). There was a significant treatment group difference favoring the CGM group in mean A1C at 26 weeks adjusted for baseline (P < 0.001). One or more severe hypoglycemic events occurred in 10 and 11% of the two groups, respectively (P = 1.0). Four outcome measures combining A1C and hypoglycemia data favored the CGM group in comparison with the control group (P < 0.001, 0.007, 0.005, and 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Most outcomes, including those combining A1C and hypoglycemia, favored the CGM group. The weight of evidence suggests that CGM is beneficial for individuals with type 1 diabetes who have already achieved excellent control with A1C <7.0%.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.