Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19429207›Full record

ArticleBehavioural processes2009

Nicotine-evoked conditioned responding is dependent on concentration of sucrose unconditioned stimulus.

Jennifer E Murray, Rachel D Penrod, Rick A Bevins

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Behavioural processes, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Cigarette Smoke Extract and Nicotine Evoke Similar Interoceptive Effects in a Pavlovian Occasion Setting Task in Male and Female Sprague-Dawley Rats.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026
    Article
  2. The inside story: Interoceptive Pavlovian conditioning with the nicotine stimulus.Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition · 2025
    Review
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  10. Conditioned response evoked by nicotine conditioned stimulus preferentially induces c-Fos expression in medial regions of caudate-putamen.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2012
    Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Jennifer E MurrayDepartment of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0308, USA.
Rachel D Penrod
Rick A Bevins

Funding

Acquired Appetitive Properties of NicotineR01DA018114 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN · PI BEVINS, RICK A · 2004 to 2010
$1.4M
Nicotine competition with light control of conditioned respondingF31DA025399 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN · PI MURRAY, JENNIFER E · 2008 to 2009
$53k
NIDA NIH HHS DA018114NIDA NIH HHS DA025399NIDA NIH HHS F31 DA025399NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA018114
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Previous studies have shown that the interoceptive nicotine conditional stimulus (CS) functions similarly to exteroceptive CSs such as lights or environments. For instance, the appetitive conditioned response (CR) evoked when nicotine is repeatedly paired with sucrose presentations (the unconditioned stimulus; US) is sensitive to changes in training dose (CS salience) and the contiguity between the CS effects and sucrose. The current study was conducted to extend this research by examining the possible role of US intensity in CR acquisition and maintenance. Rats were trained using one of four sucrose concentrations: 0, 4, 16, or 32% (w/v). On nicotine sessions (0.4 mg base/kg), rats received 36 deliveries (4s each) of their assigned concentration intermittently throughout the session; sucrose was withheld on saline sessions. In all groups, an appetitive goal-tracking CR was acquired at a similar rate. However, the asymptotic CR level varied with sucrose concentration. The magnitude of the CR was increased in rats trained with higher sucrose US concentrations. These findings are consistent with previous Pavlovian conditioning research, and extend the conditions under which the nicotine state functions as an interoceptive conditional stimulus.

Indexed as

Reinforcement, PsychologyAnalysis of VarianceAnimalsConditioning, ClassicalDietary SucroseDiscrimination LearningDrinking BehaviorMaleNicotineNicotinic AgonistsRandom AllocationRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyDietary SucroseNicotineNicotinic Agonists

Identifiers

PMID19429207
PMCPMC2916175

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.