ReviewNeuroscience and biobehavioral reviews2009
Assessing appetitive, aversive, and negative ethanol-mediated reinforcement through an immature rat model.
Review in Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prenatal Exposure to Low Alcohol and Alcohol Motivation in the Offspring.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- C57BL/6J offspring mice reared by a single-mother exhibit, compared to mice reared in a biparental parenting structure, distinct neural activation patterns and heightened ethanol-induced anxiolysis.Psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- A role for circuitry of the cortical amygdala in excessive alcohol drinking, withdrawal, and alcohol use disorder.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2024Review
- Biparental care in C57BL/6J mice: effects on adolescent behavior and alcohol consumption.Psychopharmacology · 2020Article
- Effects of dopamine and serotonin synthesis inhibitors on the ketamine-, d-amphetamine-, and cocaine-induced locomotor activity of preweanling and adolescent rats: sex differences.Behavioural brain research · 2020Article
- Fetal Alcohol Programming of Subsequent Alcohol Affinity: A Review Based on Preclinical, Clinical and Epidemiological Studies.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2020Review
- Conditioned effects of ethanol on the immune system.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2017Article
- New evidence of ethanol's anxiolytic properties in the infant rat.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2014Article
- Relationship between ethanol-induced activity and anxiolysis in the open field, elevated plus maze, light-dark box, and ethanol intake in adolescent rats.Behavioural brain research · 2014Article
- Central effects of ethanol interact with endogenous mu-opioid activity to control isolation-induced analgesia in maternally separated infant rats.Behavioural brain research · 2014Article
- Prenatal ethanol increases sucrose reinforcement, an effect strengthened by postnatal association of ethanol and sucrose.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2014Article
- Prenatal exposure to ethanol during late gestation facilitates operant self-administration of the drug in 5-day-old rats.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2014Article
- Age-dependent effects of stress on ethanol-induced motor activity in rats.Psychopharmacology · 2013Article
- Participation of the nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor in ethanol-mediated locomotor activation and ethanol intake in preweanling rats.Behavioural brain research · 2013Article
- Ethanol-induced locomotor activity in adolescent rats and the relationship with ethanol-induced conditioned place preference and conditioned taste aversion.Developmental psychobiology · 2013Article
- The role of acetaldehyde in ethanol reinforcement assessed by Pavlovian conditioning in newborn rats.Psychopharmacology · 2013Article
- μ-Opioid blockade reduces ethanol effects on intake and behavior of the infant rat during short-term but not long-term social isolation.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2013Article
- Olfaction in alcohol-dependence: a neglected yet promising research field.Frontiers in psychology · 2013Article
- Acetaldehyde reinforcement and motor reactivity in newborns with or without a prenatal history of alcohol exposure.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2013Article
- Acetaldehyde involvement in ethanol's postabsortive effects during early ontogeny.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The motivational effects of drugs play a key role during the transition from casual use to abuse and dependence. Ethanol reinforcement has been successfully studied through Pavlovian and operant conditioning in adult rats and mice genetically selected for their ready acceptance of ethanol. Another model for studying ethanol reinforcement is the immature (preweanling) rat, which consumes ethanol and exhibits the capacity to process tactile, odor and taste cues and transfer information between different sensorial modalities. This review describes the motivational effects of ethanol in preweanling, heterogeneous non-selected rats. Preweanlings exhibit ethanol-mediated conditioned taste avoidance and conditioned place aversion. Ethanol's appetitive effects, however, are evident when using first- and second-order conditioning and operant procedures. Ethanol also devalues the motivational representation of aversive stimuli, suggesting early negative reinforcement. It seems that preweanlings are highly sensitive not only to the aversive motivational effects of ethanol but also to its positive and negative (anti-anxiety) reinforcement potential. The review underscores the advantages of using a developing rat to evaluate alcohol's motivational effects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.