ArticleAddictive behaviors2009
Smoking trajectories, health, and mortality across the adult lifespan.
Article in Addictive behaviors, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Does cannabis and electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) use interfere with cigarette smoking cessation in young adulthood?Addictive behaviors · 2025Article
- Identifying and Understanding Use Trajectories of Cigarettes and E-Cigarettes.Substance use & misuse · 2025Article
- General and Specific Risk and Protective Factors for Cigarette and Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) Use.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2024Article
- Clustering and trajectories of key noncommunicable disease risk factors in Norway: the NCDNOR project.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Association between Lifetime Tobacco Use and Alcohol Consumption Trajectories and Cardiovascular and Chronic Respiratory Diseases among Older People.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Associations between smoking trajectories, smoke-free laws and cigarette taxes in a longitudinal sample of youth and young adults.PloS one · 2021Article
- Association of Smoking-Related Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) with Nutritional Status and Diet Quality: A Cross-Sectional Study in China.BioMed research international · 2019Article
- Discontinuous Patterns of Cigarette Smoking From Ages 18 to 50 in the United States: A Repeated-Measures Latent Class Analysis.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2017Article
- Lack of Preventive Health Behaviors in the Early Forties: The Role of Earlier Trajectories of Cigarette Smoking From Adolescence to Adulthood.Substance use & misuse · 2017Article
- Beyond experimentation: Five trajectories of cigarette smoking in a longitudinal sample of youth.PloS one · 2017Article
- The effect of smoking on the duration of life with and without disability, Belgium 1997-2011.BMC public health · 2014Article
- Smoking trajectories from midlife to old age and the development of non-life-threatening health problems: a 34-year prospective cohort study.Preventive medicine · 2013Article
- The intergenerational transmission of smoking in adulthood: a 25-year study of maternal and offspring maladaptive attributes.Addictive behaviors · 2013Article
- Joint trajectories of multiple health-related behaviors among the elderly.International journal of public health · 2013Article
- Trajectories of cigarette smoking in adulthood predict insomnia among women in late mid-life.Sleep medicine · 2012Article
- Interplay of genetic risk factors (CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4) and cessation treatments in smoking cessation success.The American journal of psychiatry · 2012Article
- Earlier joint trajectories of cigarette smoking and low perceived self-control as predictors of later poor health for women in their mid-60s.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2012Article
- Smoking cessation intervention in a cardiovascular hospital based clinical setting.Cardiovascular psychiatry and neurology · 2012Article
- Predicting survival and morbidity-free survival to very old age.Age (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This study extends research on the association between smoking behavior and chronic disease by following a cohort from the time of initiation of regular smoking patterns into old age and by examining the association of lifetime smoking trajectories with chronic disease and mortality. Participants consisted of 232 males selected from the Harvard classes of 1942-1944 and followed biennially through 2003. Five distinct smoking trajectories were identified based on the age at which participants quit daily smoking. Participants following smoking trajectories with later cessation had a higher likelihood of developing lung disease and lived shorter lives than those who quit smoking at an earlier age. This study confirms that the earlier a smoker quits, the greater the health benefits, and that these benefits are observed even decades after smoking cessation. Additionally, by showing different survival rates between trajectory groups 25 and 40 years after quitting, the results run counter to previous work that has found no difference in mortality between smokers and non-smokers 15 years after cessation.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.